Anterior Triangle of the Neck

Question 1

What divides the anterior from the posterior triangle?

Answer 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 2

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?

Answer 2

Anterior border: Imaginary midline of the neck
Posterior Border: Anterior border of SCM
Base: Mandible

Question 3

What are the divisions of the anterior triangle?

Answer 3

Sub-mental, Sub-mandibular, Carotid and Muscular

Question 4

What is apart of the Sub-mental division?

Answer 4

Submental lymph nodes, beginning of anterior jugular vein

Question 5

What is apart of the Sub-mandibular division?

Answer 5

Submandibular salivary gland, lymph nodes, fascial artery and vein, carotid sheath and hypoglossal nerve

Question 6

What is apart of the Carotid division?

Answer 6

Carotid sheath, branches of external carotid artery, internal jugular vein, hypoglossal, accessory and vagus nerves

Question 7

What is apart of the Muscular division?

Answer 7

Sternohyoid and sternothyroid form the floor beneath which likes the thyroid gland, larynx, trachea and oesophagus

Question 8

Proximal attachment of Platysma?

Answer 8

Fascia above pectorals major and clavicle

Question 9

Distal attachment of Platysma?

Answer 9

Lateral neck and onto mandible

Question 10

What innervates the Platysma?

Answer 10

Facial nerve CN VII

Question 11

What are the veins in the anterior neck?

Answer 11

External anterior and Internal posterior jugular veins

Question 12

What may be absent in the anterior neck?

Answer 12

Anterior jugular midline

Question 13

What is the origin of the cervical plexus?

Answer 13

Anterior rami C1-4

Question 14

What is the cervical plexus joined into?

Answer 14

Loops that lie anterior to elevator scapulae and scalenus medius

Question 15

What is the cervical plexus covered by?

Answer 15

Pre-vertebral layer of deep cervical fascia

Question 16

What sensory does the cervical plexus have?

Answer 16

Somatic motor and sensory

Question 17

What is between the hyoid bone and the skull or mandible?

Answer 17

Suprahyoid

Question 18

What is between the hyoid bone and the sternum or thyroid cartilage?

Answer 18

Infrahyoid

Question 19

What is the function of supra hyoid muscles?

Answer 19

Raise hyoid bone or depress mandible

Question 20

What innervates the supra hyoid muscles?

Answer 20

Facial nerve and mandible division of trigeminal CN VIII

Question 21

What is the function of infra hyoid muscles?

Answer 21

Depress hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage

Question 22

What innervates the infra hyoid muscles?

Answer 22

Ansa cervicali except thyrohyoid (C1 via hypoglossal CN XII

Question 23

Where does LCA arise from?

Answer 23

Arch of aorta

Question 24

Where does the RCA arise from?

Answer 24

Brachiocephalic

Question 25

What are the two branches of common carotid?

Answer 25

Internal and external

Question 26

Where does the internal carotid go?

Answer 26

To the brain

Question 27

Where does the external carotid go?

Answer 27

To head, face and neck

Question 28

Where is the common carotid artery within?

Answer 28

The carotid sheath with internal jugular vein and vagus nerve

Question 29

What are the three external carotid artery?

Answer 29

Superior thyroid, lingual and facial arteries

Question 30

What is the abbreviation of the Vagus nerve?

Answer 30

CN X

Question 31

Where does the vagus nerve descend?

Answer 31

Carotid sheath

Question 32

Where do the recurrent laryngeal branches to muscles of larynx go around?

Answer 32

``` Left = around arch of aorta Right = around subclavian artery ```

Question 33

What do endocrine glands do?

Answer 33

Regulates metabolic rate

Question 34

What are the two lobes of the thyroid gland?

Answer 34

Isthmus and capsule

Question 35

What is the position of the thyroid gland?

Answer 35

From lamina of thyroid cartilage down to 6th tracheal ring

Question 36

What is embedded into posterior surface of thyroid gland?

Answer 36

Parathyroid glands

Question 37

What is the superior thyroid?

Answer 37

The first anterior branch of the external carotid artery

Question 38

What is the inferior thyroid?

Answer 38

A branch of the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery

Question 39

Where do the left and right inferior thyroid veins drain?

Answer 39

Into the left brachiocephalic vein

Question 40

On duct of the submandibular salivary gland opens between?

Answer 40

The first and second lower incisor

Question 41

What innervates the submandibular salivary gland?

Answer 41

CN VII (facial nerve)

Question 42

What does the thoracic duct join?

Answer 42

The venous system in the neck