Pelvic Walls and Floor

Question 1

What forms the greater sciatic foramen and the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 1

Sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments

Question 2

What are the wall muscles of the pelvis?

Answer 2

Iliacus, psoas, obturator externus, obturator internus and piriformis,

Question 3

The iliac fossa joins psoas as what?

Answer 3

iliopsoas

Question 4

Where does the iliopsoas insert into?

Answer 4

Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 5

What is the function of the iliacus?

Answer 5

Hip flexion

Question 6

What innervates the iliacus?

Answer 6

Femoral nerve

Question 7

Fibers of the psoas pass from?

Answer 7

T12 - L4

Question 8

What is the function of psoas?

Answer 8

Hip flexion, bend trunk lateral, raise trunk from supine position

Question 9

What innervates the psoas?

Answer 9

Lumbar plexus direct branches L2-4 anterior rami

Question 10

What are the gluteal muscles?

Answer 10

Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus

Question 11

What do the gluteal muscles attach to?

Answer 11

Pelvic bones but to within pelvic cavity

Question 12

Function of gluteal muscles?

Answer 12

Act on the hip joint

Question 13

Fibers of obturator externus pass?

Answer 13

From the outer surface of obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa of femur

Question 14

Fibers of obturator internus pass?

Answer 14

From the inner surface of obturator membrane to medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 15

What is the function of obturator internus?

Answer 15

Lateral rotation of the hip

Question 16

What innervates the obturator internus?

Answer 16

Nerve to obturator internus direct from sacral plexus (L5, S1)

Question 17

Fibers of the piriformis pass?

Answer 17

From the anterior surface of the sacrum to greater trochanter of the femur

Question 18

What is the function of piriformis?

Answer 18

Lateral rotation of the hip joint

Question 19

What innervates piriformis?

Answer 19

Nerve to piriformis direct branch of sacral plexus (S1 and S2)

Question 20

What is the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 20

A muscular floor composed of elevator ani and coccyges to prevent prolapse

Question 21

What is the muscular roof of the anal triangle?

Answer 21

Levator ani

Question 22

Fibers pass in the coccyges from?

Answer 22

Ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament to the coccyx and inferior sacrum

Question 23

What is the function of the coccygeus?

Answer 23

Support pelvic viscera, flexion of coccyx

Question 24

What innervates the Coccygeus?

Answer 24

Direct branches from sacral plexus (S4-S5)

Question 25

What are the two muscles involved in the levator ani?

Answer 25

Pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus

Question 26

Describe the fibres in the Pubococcygeus?

Answer 26

Most medial fibres, attach to and support vagina/prostat gland and rectum

Question 27

Describe the fibres in the Iliococcygeus?

Answer 27

More lateral fibres of elevator ani, anterior to coccygeus

Question 28

What is pubococcygeus divided into?

Answer 28

Puborectalis, puboprostaticus and pubovaginalis

Question 29

What must relax to allow urination and defecation?

Answer 29

Levator ani

Question 30

What innervates the pubococcygeus?

Answer 30

Pudendal and nerve to levator ani

Question 31

In males what is the muscle that has medial fibres that pass around prostate and insert into perineal body?

Answer 31

Puboprostaticus

Question 32

In females, what is the muscle that has medial fibres that pass around the vagina and insert into perineal body?

Answer 32

Pubovaginalis

Question 33

What muscle is in both sexes?

Answer 33

Puborectalis

Question 34

Describe the fibres in Puborectalis?

Answer 34

Mix with those from external anal sphincter

Question 35

Why are the fibres modified as a sling around the rectum in puborectalis?

Answer 35

To help maintain faecal continence

Question 36

What innervates the Puborectalis?

Answer 36

Pudendal nerve and nerve to levator ani

Question 37

What does the iliococcygeus muscle attach to?

Answer 37

Fascia of obturator internus and the anococcygeal body/ligament/levator plate

Question 38

Iliococcygeus is more fibrous than?

Answer 38

Pubococcygeus

Question 39

What is described as the tendinous arch of levator ani?

Answer 39

Area of attachment to the fascia of obturator internus

Question 40

What innervates the iliococcygeus?

Answer 40

Pudendal nerve and nerve to levator ani

Question 41

What is the perineal body composed of?

Answer 41

Fibrous connective tissue

Question 42

What attaches to the perineal body?

Answer 42

Levator prostatae, pubovaginalis, external anal sphincter and perineal muscles