Infratemporal Fossa and TMJ Flashcards by Sunny Fairley

What is the infratemporal fossa?

Space beneath the base of the skull between the skull and the ramus of the mandible

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What are the boundaries of the infratemporal fossa?

Anterior - Posterior surface of the maxilla
Posterior - Styloid process
Superior - Infratemporal surface of the greater wing of sphenoid
Medial - Lateral pterygoid plate
Lateral - Ramus of the mandible

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What is the contents of the infratemoral fossa?

Lateral and medial pterygoid, Mandibular division of trigeminal and branches, Maxillarty artery and branches, Pterygoid venous plexus, Chorda tympani and Otic ganglion

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What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

Assists in elevating the mandible

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What is the function of the Lateral pterygoid?

Pulls the neck of the mandible forward

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What movements does both the medial and lateral pterygoid give?

Chewing movements

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What innervates the medial and lateral pterygoid?

Mandibular division of CN V

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What divisions does the mandibular division of trigeminal nerve have?

Anterior and posterior divisions

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What are the anterior divisions of the mandibular division of CN V?

x2 deep temporal, masseteric nerve to lateral pterygoid, buccal (sensory)

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What are the posterior divisions of the mandibular division of CN V?

Lingual (joined by chords tympani), inferior alveolar, mylohyoid and auricultemporal

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What is the passage of the maxillary artery?

Passes between 2 heads of lateral pterygoid to go into ptergomaxillary fissure - fossa and give off posterior superior alveolar branch

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What are the pre divisions of the mandibular division of CN V?

Meningeal, nerve to medial ptertgoid and communicating branch

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What is the communicating branch in the pre divisions of mandibular division of CN V?

Tensor tympani and tensor velo palatini

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What are the branches of the Maxillary artery?

Deep temporal, masseteric and pterygoid branched to muscles

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What are the 3 parts of the maxillary artery?

Mandibular, pterygoid and pterygopalatine

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What are the Pterygopalatine branches?

Posterior superior alveolar, Infraorbital, anterior superior alveolar branches and palatine, pharyngeal and sphenopalatine branches.

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What does the pterygoid venous plexus surround?

Lateral pterygoid

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Where are the veins of the pterygoid venous plexus from?

Orbit, nasal and oral cavities

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What does the pterygoid venous plexus communicate with?

Cavernous sinus and facial vein

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What drains the pterygoid venous plexus?

Maxillary vein

What is the route for infection?

Pterygoid venous plexus

What is involved in the posterior superior alveolar branch?

Upper molar and premolar

What is involved in the infraorbital branch?

Canal in floor of orbit, foramen

What is involved in the anterior superior alveolar branch?

Upper incisor and canine

Has the otic ganglion have a synapse?

What goes through the otic ganglion?

Postganglionic sympathetic fibres and motor neves to tensor tympani and tensor veli palatine (CN VIII)

What happened at the foramen oval?

Has the mandibular division

What joint in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?

Synovial joint

Where is the TMJ?

Between the head of mandible and mandibular fossa and articular tubercle on the squamous part of the temporal bone?

What type of cartilage covers the articular surfaces of TMJ?

Fibrocartilage (membranous ossification)

What is the nerve supply of the TMJ?

Auriculotemporal and masseteric

What reinforces the TMJ capsule?

Lateral (temporomandibular) ligament

What supports the TMJ medially?

Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligaments

What dos the lateral pterygoid attach to?

Articular disc and capsule

What is the cavity of TMJ divided by?

Fibrous articular disc

What does the TMJ disc increase?

Congruity of articular surfaces

What movements does the head of mandible and disc?

Elevation and depression (hinge)

What gives protrusion and retraction (gliding) in the TMJ?

Disc and mandibular fossa and articular process

What movements close the mouth?

Elevation and retraction pull condyle backwards

What movements open the mouth?

Both sides depression and protrusion to slide disc and condyle forwards towards tubercle

What is the movement of chewing called?

Asynchronous gliding

Describe elevation of the mandible?

Head of mandible and disc move backward and head rotated on lower surface of disc

What muscles aid in elevation the mandible?

Temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid

Describe depression of the mandible?

Hey of mandible rotates on undersurface of articular disc and mandible is pulled forward

What muscles aid in depression of the mandible?

Lateral pterygoid, digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid and gravity

Describe protrusion of the mandible?

Articular disc and head of mandible move forward

What muscles aid in protrusion of the mandible?

Lateral pterygoid

Describe retrusion of the mandible?

Articular disc and head of mandible pulled backwards into mandibular fossa

What muscles aid in retrusion of the mandible?

Posterior fibres of temporalis