ANTICOAGULANTS, ANTIPLATELET, THROMBOLYTICS (EXAM 2)

Question 1

function of anticoagulant

Answer 1

prevents the formation of clots that inhibit circulation

Question 2

function of antiplatelet

Answer 2

prevent platelet aggregation

Question 3

function of thrombolytics

Answer 3

attack and dissolve blood clots that have formed

Question 4

what might a clot in an artery or vein

Answer 4

decrease circulation
platelet aggregation
blood coagulation

Question 5

arterial clot formation

Answer 5

platelet initiate process
fibrin formation occurs
RBC are trapped in fibrin mesh

Question 6

venous clot formation

Answer 6

platelet aggregation with fibrin that attaches to RBC

Question 7

Anticoagulant action

Answer 7

prevent the formation of new clots

Question 8

Anticoagulant use

Answer 8

DVT
PE
MI
Artificial heart valves
Stroke

Question 9

what does anticoagulants not do

Answer 9

dissolve clots that are already formed

Question 10

Anticoagulant admin

Answer 10

PO
subq
IV

Question 11

Heparin is a

Answer 11

anticoagulant

Question 12

heparin action

Answer 12

antithrombin 3
inhibit action of thrombin
inhibit conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
inhibit clot formation

Question 13

heparin is used to

Answer 13

prevent thrombosis

Question 14

administration of heparin

Answer 14

sub q
IV

Question 15

heparin antidote

Answer 15

protamine sulfate

Question 16

side effect of heparin

Answer 16

bleeding

Question 17

low molecular weight heparin action

Answer 17

inactivate Xa factor
less able to activate thrombin

Question 18

use of low molecular weight heparin

Answer 18

prevent DVT
acute PE after orthopedic or abdominal surgey

Question 19

how is heparin different from lower molecular weight heparin

Answer 19

they have a lower risk of bleeding

Question 20

precautions of LMW heparin

Answer 20

do not take with aspirin
frequent lab monitoring is not required

Question 21

why shouldnt you take LMW heparin with aspirin

Answer 21

aspirin is already a blood thinner= increase risk of bleeding

Question 22

do you have to do frequent monitoring of labs with LMW heparin

Answer 22

noo

Question 23

direct thrombin inhibitors action

Answer 23

they inhibit thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 24

direct thrombin inhibitors use

Answer 24

prophylaxis
treatment of dvt
unstable angina
stroke

Question 25

direct thrombin inhibitors admin

Answer 25

sub q
IV

Question 26

oral anticoagulants action (WARFARIN)

Answer 26

inhibit hepatic synthesis of vitamin K which affects clotting factors 2,6,9 and 10

Question 27

oral anticoagulants use (WRFARIN)

Answer 27

prevent thromboembolic condition
PE
embolic formation

Question 28

how do you monitor the therapeutic range
(WARFARIN)

Answer 28

PT
INR

Question 29

antidote of warfarin if there is overdose

Answer 29

vitamin k

Question 30

how long does vitamin k take to be effective

Answer 30

24-48 hours

Question 31

factor Xa inhibitors

Answer 31

prevent DVT and PE
some do not require routine coagulation
administered 1x or 2x daily

Question 32

what should you monitor with heparin

Answer 32

PTT

Question 33

what should you monitor with warfarin

Answer 33

INR
PT

Question 34

what should you examine with anticoagulants

Answer 34

pt nose, mouth, skin and urine for bleeding

Question 35

what should you teach the patients with anticoagulants

Answer 35

inform dentist
use soft toothbrush
avoid large intake of green, leafy veggies

Question 36

Antiplatelet action

Answer 36

suppress platelet aggregation

Question 37

Antiplatelet uses

Answer 37

prevent thrombosis
prevent MI or stroke for patients with familiar history
prevent repeat MI
prevent stroke for pt with transient ischemic attacks

Question 38

aspirin

Answer 38

low dose therapy
effective and inexpensive for suppressing platelet aggregation

Question 39

aspirin is a

Answer 39

antiplatelet

Question 40

aspirin action

Answer 40

inhibit cyclooxygenase, an enzyme needed by platelets to synthesize thromboxane

Question 41

aspirin use

Answer 41

prevention of MI and thromboembolism
prevent stroke