antiviral

Question 1

Acyclovir is taken orally for what? when is Acyclovir used for IV?

Answer 1

oral: genital herpes and varicella zoster

IV: severe/disseminated mucocutaneous disease:
-neonate infection, HSV encephalitits, VZV in immunocompromised

Question 2

which drug does not require prior phosphorylation to be active

Answer 2

Foscarnet

Question 3

what drug requires Thymidine kinase enzyme to be activated

Answer 3

Acyclovir

Question 4

side effects for Acyclovir

Answer 4

reversible crystalline nephrotoxicity and neurological effects

Question 5

Valacyclovir Tx

Answer 5

Primary and recurrent genital herpes
Varicella in older children and adults
Zoster
orolabial herpes

Question 6

What drug is used for HSV and VZV infection that are RESISTANT to acyclovir

Answer 6

Foscarnet

Question 7

Foscarnet tx

Answer 7

HSV and VZV infection resistant to Acyclovir, CMV retinitis, colitis, esophagitis

Question 8

which drug should be AVOIDED for nephrotoxicity

Answer 8

Foscarnet

Question 9

what drug tx CMV retinitis (AIDS), CMV colitis, pneumonitis, esophagitis, through what route?

Answer 9

Ganciclovir via IV route and intraocular route with retinitis, but it has 3 routes (IV, oral, intraocular)

Question 10

which drug is used to reduce risk of CMV disease in transplant recipient

Answer 10

Ganciclovir via IV then oral if it gets better

Question 11

which drug has cough, bronchospasm , decrease pulmonary function side effects

Answer 11

Zanamivir

Question 12

what is the most common influenza disease

Answer 12

Pneumonia

Question 13

which drug is used as chemoprophylaxis for influenza

Answer 13

Oseltamivir

Question 14

which drug would you avoid giving if they have pre-exisiting pulmonary disease

Answer 14

Zanamivir

Question 15

which antiviral drug causes myelosuppression

Answer 15

Ganciclovir

Question 16

which drug requires phosphoylation of CMV UL97

Answer 16

Ganciclovir

Question 17

which drug can be taken after the 48 hr window with what exception?

Answer 17

Oseltamivir; if patient has complications (elderly, oregnancy, pre existing condt)

Question 18

When does Ganciclovir have most adverse effects

Answer 18

when using IV

Question 19

Valganciclovir tx

Answer 19

CMV retinitis (AIDS), prevention of CMV disease in patients w/ heart, kidney, and kidney-pancreas transplant

Question 20

which drug tx Keratoconjunctivitis

Answer 20

Trifluridine

Question 21

what are all the antiviral drug for herpes virus end result goal for MOA

Answer 21

Prevent viral genome to be replicated

Question 22

which drug needs to be given within 48 hrs to have impact on progression

Answer 22

influenza antiviral

Question 23

which drug inhibits the spreading of virions through respiratory tract

Answer 23

Osetamivir, Znamivir

Question 24

which drug is an inhalation drug administered to oropharynx and lungs

Answer 24

Zanamivir

Question 25

which influenza antiviral is no longer useful/effective due to high levels of resistance?

Answer 25

Amantadine, Rimantadine

Question 26

which drug is used to treat respiratory syncytial virus? through which route?

Answer 26

Ribavirin; aerosol route

Question 27

what is the function of interferion

Answer 27

it is a recombinant cytokine; slows absorption and clearance

Question 28

which drug should be avoided for pregnancy, anemia, ichemic vascular disease, or severer renal disease

Answer 28

Ribovirin

Question 29

which antivirla drug causes hemolytic anemia

Answer 29

Ribavirin

Question 30

Tx for Hep. C virus for chronic genotypte 1,4,5,6

Answer 30

combo therapy with Ribavirin with Sofosbuvir and pegylated interferon

Question 31

tx for chronic genotype 2 or 3 HCV

Answer 31

dual therapy: ribavirin and sofobuvir

Question 32

what drug should sofobuvir avoid co-administering with?

Answer 32

potent inducers of p-glycoproteins

Question 33

what are the most common adverse effects for HCV medication

Answer 33

anemia, fatigue, headache, insonmia, nausea

Question 34

which HCV drug cannot be taken alone

Answer 34

sofobuvir

Question 35

what are common causes of respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 35

bronchiolitis and pneumonia for children <1

Question 36

which population does RSV affect the most vs healthy individual

Answer 36

elderly and immunosuppressed; common cold in adults and olderchildren

Question 37

which population uses Ribavirin for severe LRT illness

Answer 37

premature infants, immunocompromised, chronic lung, congenital heart disease

Question 38

which drug has no systemic administration and mainly treat ocular diseases

Answer 38

Trifluridine

Question 39

which drug is 100x more active for CMV infection than acyclovir?

Answer 39

Ganciclovir--mainly targets CMV

Question 40

which antiviral can only be administered via IV route

Answer 40

Foscarnet

Question 41

what are the adverse effects for oseltamivir

Answer 41

rash, neuropsychiatric events

Question 42

What causes resistance of amantadine and rimantadine

Answer 42

AA substitution in M2

Question 43

CMV is exclusively in what type of population

Answer 43

Immunocompromised

Question 44

adverse effects for ganciclovir

Answer 44

bone marrow suppression, CNS effects, myelosuppression**

Question 45

if a 4 year old child came in with the flu, which is the best medication to give

Answer 45

oseltamivir, 1 and over, zanamivir 7 and over

Question 46

if patients boyfriend has the flu and she want to prevent from getting it, whats the best medication to give

Answer 46

oseltamivir

Question 47

what has adverse of bone toxicity and renal toxicity

Answer 47

tenofovir