AP concept map- Research methods Flashcards
(39 cards)
What’s the difference between random sample, representative sample and convenience sampling?
Random- Method where everyone has a chance of being picked
Representatives- mimics general population
Convenience- Select Participants on availability
What are the different research methods that are used in the field of psychology?
Correlation- Identify relationships
Naturalistic Observation- Observing people in their natural setting
Case Study- Studys one person
Meta- Analysis- combines multiple studies
4 ethical codes required of psychologists to conduct research
-Confidentiality
-informed consent
-informed assent
-Debriefing
What does it mean when a research study is determined “Statistically significant”
The results are not due to chance- something was manipulated
What is hindsight bias?
When something seems obvious after it has already happened, even though it wasn’t clear before. It’s the feeling of “I knew it all along”
What is Confirmation bias?
Tendency to search for, interpret or remember information in a way that confirms one’s beliefs
What is overconfidence?
Being more confident in your knowledge or abilities than is objectively justified
What is a Sample?
A subset of the population used in research
What is population
The entire group a researcher is interested in studying
What is representative sample?
A sample that accurately reflects the characteristics of the population
What is random sampling?
Every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected
Convenience sampling
Choosing individuals who are easiest to reach
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction about the relationship between variables
What is Qualitative research
Research that focuses on non-numerical data like words and descriptions
What is Quantitative research?
Research that deals with numbers and measurable forms
What is independent variables?
the variable that is manipulated in an experiment
What is the Dependent variable?
The variable that is measured; the outcome of interest
What is a confounding variable?
other variables that affect the dependent variable, confusing results
What are operational definitions?
a statement of the procedures used to define research variables
What is falsifiable?
Capable of being disproved or tested
What is random assignment?
placing participants in groups by chance to reduce bias
What is a Double- blind study?
Neither the participants nor the researchers know who is in the experimental or control group
What is a single-blind study?
Only the participants are unaware of their group assignment
What is Social desirability bias?
tendency to answer questions in a manner that will be viewed favorably by others
