apes unit 3 Flashcards
vitamin A deficiency
in developing countires, children don’t get enough. lead to infectious diseases n go blind, die a year later usually
green vegetable, mango, yellow sweet potatoes-expensive
fixing vit A deficiency
genetic engineer rice to contain beta carotene. substance that the body converts to vit A; cheap way of getting it w/o buying expensive stuff
many critics, some say it might not work out of laboratory
food production
produce more than enough for everyone but some rnt getting enough food
1/6 ppl is malnurish in developing
poverty causes
hunger/malnutrition
food security
every person in area has daily access to enough nutritious food to live healthly. developing countries gov cant provide national food security. therefor, rich countries/organizations have to help
fsecurity depends on reducing harmful envir effects of agri or else poverty will get worse
food to b healthy
need large amt of macronutrients (macromolescules) n smaller amt of micronutrients w/ vitamins/minerals
poor ppl mainly eat high carbs n low protein vegetarian diets
chronic undernutrition/hunger
ppl who cannot have access to enough food to meet basic needs. children suffer from retardation n stunted growth n die of easily preventive diseases
deficiency
1/3 ppl
vit A
iron
iodine
deficiency in iron
causes anmesia, fatigue, liable to infection, increase risk of dying during childbirthmostly women/children.
fixed by golden rice
iodine deficiency
for thyroid gland-control metabolism. stunted growth, retardation, goiter-swollen/deafness
famine
ppl eat seed stored to grow future crops n kill breeding livestock. mass imigration, refugee camps.
overnutrition
food intake exceeds energy uses. fat. less than undernutritious
food production system
cropland
pastures-meat
aquaculture
biodiveristy threatened by clearing forest for plantation
big three feeds the world
wheat,rice, corn
most can’t afford meat, dairy.
seafood is a small amount
industrialized agriculture
produce most of food supply, uses alot of fossil fuel, water, fertilizer for crop/livestock
agri is most envir harmful industry
monoculture
single crops
plantation agriculture
type of industrializard agri used in tropical
cash crops
monoculture
decrease biodiverse
USA: agribusiness
indus farming. corporation that makes/distribute food. increasing in yield, decrease in labor. ppl spend less income in USA spent on food.
crops provide more energy than used to grow them but processing n other makes it cost more energy
traditional agri
developing subsistence intensive low input variety on one plot of land
interplanting
diff crops on same plot
reduce chance of losing due to pest
- polyvarietal
- intercropping
- agroforestry (cropsnstree)
- polyculture
polyculture
(diff plants togetlher) food thorughout yr. no pesticides
no erosion. natural predators low input, higher yield than monoculture
soil erosion
lowers fertility, overload water w/ sediment (water pollution). topsoil needed for food. wind/water. topsoil: renewable but when erodes: nonrenewable
sheet erosion
surface water/wind peel off thin sheets of soil. long time for perm damage
rill erosion
fast flowing small stream/channel in soil
