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Human Anatomy 2320 > Appendicular muscles > Flashcards

Appendicular muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the pectoral girdle?

A

1) Pectoralis minor
2) Serratus anterior

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2
Q

What is the action of the pectoralis minor?

A

protracts and depresses the scapula

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3
Q

What is the action of the serratus anterior?

A

protracts and depress scapula, superiorly rotates scapula

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4
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A

the occipital bone (superior nuchal line), ligamentum nuchae, and spinous process of C7-T12

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5
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

the cavicle, acromion, and the spine of the scapula

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6
Q

What is the action of the trapezius?

A

elevates and retracts scapula, hyperextension of the neck, and adduts the scapula

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7
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid major?

A

retracts and elevates scapula and inferior rotation

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8
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid minor?

A

retracts and elevates scapula and inferior rotate

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9
Q

What are the rhomboids antagonist to?

A

the serratus anterior and pectoralis minor

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10
Q

What is the origin of the latissimus dorsi?

A

the spinous processes T7-T12, lower ribs, and iliac crest

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11
Q

What is the insertion of the latissimus dorsi?

A

the intertubercular groove

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12
Q

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

the prime mover of arm extension, draws arm down, backward, and medially rotates

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13
Q

What is the latissimus dorsi a synergist to?

A

the teres major

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14
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis major?

A

costal cartilage, clavicle, and sternal body

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the pectoralis major?

A

intertubercular groove

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16
Q

what is the action of the pectoralis major?

A

the prime mover of arm flexion, adducts and medially rotates arm

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17
Q

What is the action of the coracobrachialis?

A

adducts and flexes arm

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18
Q

What is the coracobrachialis a synergist too?

A

the pectoralis major

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19
Q

What is the coracobrachialis deep too?

A

the biceps brachii

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20
Q

What is the action of the teres major?

A

medial rotation, arm extension, adduction

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21
Q

What is the teres major a synergist to?

A

the latissimus dorsi

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22
Q

what is the action of the teres minor?

A

lateral rotation adducts

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23
Q

what is the teres minor a synergist too?

A

the infraspinatus and latissimus dorsi

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24
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

the acromial end of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula

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25
What is the insertion of the deltoid?
the deltoid tuberosity
26
What is the action of the anterior deltoid?
flex and medially rotate
27
What is the action of the mid deltoid?
the prime mover of arm abduction
28
What is the action of the posterior deltoid?
extend and laterally rotate
29
What are the 4 quad muscles?
1) Vatus intermedius 2) vastus medialis 3) rectus femoris 4) vastus lateralis
30
What is the origin of the vastus intermedius?
anteriolateral femur
31
What is the insertion of the vastus intermedius?
the quad tendon
32
What is the action of the vastus intermedius?
it extends the leg
33
What is the origin of the vastus medialis?
the intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
34
What is the insertion of the vastus medialis?
the quad tendon
35
What is the action of the vastus medialis?
to extend the leg
36
What is the origin of the rectus femoris?
the AIIS
37
What is the insertion of the rectus femoris?
the quad tendon
38
What is the action of the rectus femoris?
the extend the leg andd flex the thigh
39
What is the origin of the vastus lateralis?
the greater trochanter and linea aspera
40
What is the insertion of the vastus lateralis?
the quad tendon
41
What is the action of the vastus lateralis?
to extend the leg
42
What is the pes ansurine?
the medial aspect of the tibia
43
What is the origin of the sartorius?
the ASIS
44
What is the insertion of the sartorius?
the pes ansurine
45
What is the action of the sartorius?
flexes the leg and thigh, rotates thigh lateral and leg medial
46
What is the action of the gracilis?
adducts the thigh, and flexes leg at knee
47
What are the 3 hamstring muscles?
1) Semitendinousus 2) Semimembranosus 3) Biceps femoris
48
What are the origins of the hamstring muscles?
the ischial tuberosity (all but the short head of the biceps femoris)
49
What is the insertion of the semitendinousus?
the pes ansurine
50
What is the action of the semitendiousus and the semimembranosus?
to extend the thigh and flex the leg, plus medially rotates the leg
51
What is the insertion of the semimembranosus?
the posterior tibia
52
What is the origin of the short head of the biceps femoris?
the linea aspera
53
What is the insertion of the biceps femoris?
the head of the fibula
54
What is the action of the biceps femoris?
to extend the thigh, flex the leg, and laterally rotates leg
55
What is the action of the peroneus (fibularis) longus?
to evert the foot, as weak plantar flexion
56
What is the action of the tibialis anterior?
dorsiflexion and invertion of the foot
57
What is the tibialis anterior a common site for?
shin splints
58
What is the insertion of the gastrocnemius and the soleus?
the achilles tendon
59
What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?
the superior posterior femur
60
what is the action of the gastrocnemius?
flexes leg and plantar flexes foot
61
What is the action of the soleus?
plantar flexes foot
62
What is the origin of the gluteus maximus?
the iliac crest, sacrum, and the coccyx
63
What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?
the IT band, linea aspera, and the gluteal tuberosity of femur
64
What is the action of the gluteus maximus?
to extend and laterally rotate the thigh
65
What is the action of the piriformis?
to externally rotates the hip
66
What can the piriformis put pressure on?
the sciatic nerve
67
What happen to the piriformis because the sciatic nerve is running through it?
it can spilt
68
What does the piriformis run deep too?
the superior aspect of the thigh
69
What is the action of the tensor fascia latae?
it abducts the thigh, and medially rotates thigh
70
Where is the IT band located?
the lateral portion of the leg
71
What does the IT band insert into?
it inserts into the tibia
72
What are the three compartments of the crural region?
1) Anterior compartment 2) lateral compartment 3) posterior compartment
73
What is the action of the anterior compartment?
dorsiflex foot and extend toes
74
What is the action of the lateral compartment?
plantar flex and evert foot
75
What is the action of the posterior compartment?
plantar flex foot and flex toes
76
What muscles contribute to the IT band?
- tensor fasciae latae - gluteus maximus
77
What is retinaculum?
dense tissue that holds in tendons
78
What is flexor retinaculum?
- anterior surface of carpal bones - carpal tunnel
79
What is compartment syndrome?
pressure built up inside of fascial sheath in limbs of the body
80
What are help with compartment syndrome?
- ice - elevation - rest -NO COMPRESSION
81
What can heat do with compartment syndrome?
increase swelling
82
If compartment syndrome becomes servere what do you need to do, and what does it entail?
“Decompression fasciotomy” - to cut open to allow for swelling and let it drain
83
What is plantar fasciitis and where do you find it?
it is inflammation of the plantar aponeurosis “fascia” of the foot
84
What is plantar fasciitis caused by?
- over extertion - age (lack of elasticity) - walking - jogging - high heeled shoes - etc…

Human Anatomy 2320 (13 decks)

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