Axial Muscles

Question 1

What are the two parts of the Epicranius?

Answer 1

1) Galea Aponeurotica
2) Occipitofrontalis

Question 2

Another name for the Galea Aponeurotica?

Answer 2

The epicranial aponeurosis

Question 3

What action does the frontal belly do?

Answer 3

Moves scalp, and wrinkles forehead

Question 4

What does the occitital belly do?

Answer 4

Moves the scalp posteriorly

Question 5

What are the 3 anterior facial and neck muscles?

Answer 5

1) obicularis oris
2) platysma
3) sternocleidomastoid

Question 6

What is the action of the obicularis oris?

Answer 6

closes lips, and puckers lips

Question 7

What action does the platysma create?

Answer 7

pulls lip down, depresses manidble

Question 8

What are the 4 lateral facial muscles?

Answer 8

1) buccinator
2) medial/lateral pterygoid
3) Temporalis
4) Masseter

Question 9

What is the action of the buccinator?

Answer 9

it compresses the cheeks (trumpeter), puff out cheeks, keeps food in

Question 10

What is the action of the medial/lateral pterygoid?

Answer 10

elevates and protacts the mandiable, moves the mandible from side to side

Question 11

where is the medial/lateral pterygoid located?

Answer 11

it’s deep to the mandible

Question 12

what is the medial/lateral pterygoid a synergist too?

Answer 12

the masseter

Question 13

What is the origin of the temporalis?

Answer 13

the temporal bone

Question 14

What is the insertion of the temporalis?

Answer 14

the coronoid process

Question 15

What is the action of the temporalis?

Answer 15

elevates and retracts the jaw

Question 16

What is the origin of the masseter?

Answer 16

the zygomatic arch

Question 17

What is the insertion of the masseter?

Answer 17

the angle of the mandible

Question 18

What is the action of the masseter?

Answer 18

elevates and protracts the jaw

Question 19

what is the masseter a synergist to?

Answer 19

the pterygoids

Question 20

what are the temporalis and the masseter synergists for?

Answer 20

elevating the mandible

Question 21

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 21

the sternum and the clavicle

Question 22

What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 22

the mastoid process

Question 23

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 23

it rotates the neck opposite of flexing muscle. I f both contract, it pulls the head down and forward (flexion)

Question 24

What is the origin of the trapezius?

Answer 24

the occitial bone, ligamentum nuchae, and the spinous processes of C7-T12

Question 25

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

Answer 25

the clavicle, acromion process, and the spine of scapula

Question 26

What is the action of the trapezius?

Answer 26

elevates and adducts scapula, extends neck

Question 27

What is the action of the Splenius capitus?

Answer 27

if one contracts, it will turn the head toward the same side of the muscles. If both contract, it pulls the head back.

Question 28

The action of the semispinalis capitus?

Answer 28

same as the splenius capitus

Question 29

Which direction does the semispinalis capitus run?

Answer 29

straight down the neck (like a striaght semi)

Question 30

What muscle is the synergists in neck extention?

Answer 30

the trapezius Splenius capitus Semispinalis

Question 31

What are the 2 muscles in the back?

Answer 31

1) erector spinae 2) transverospinalis

Question 32

What is the action of the erector spinae?

Answer 32

the lateral flexion if only one side contracts extension if both side contract

Question 33

what is the prime extensor of the spine?

Answer 33

The erector spinae

Question 34

What is the action of the transversospinalis?

Answer 34

lateral flexion and extension

Question 35

What are the 3 muscles that are associated with breathing?

Answer 35

1) Diaphragm 2) external intercostal muscles 3) internal intercostal muscles

Question 36

What is the action of the diaphragm?

Answer 36

contraction during inhalation causes the diaphragm to move inferior- recoils during exhalation

Question 37

What is the action of the external intercostal muscles?

Answer 37

elevates ribs during inhalation

Question 38

What is the action of the interal intercostal muscles?

Answer 38

depress ribs during forced exhalation

Question 39

What muscles produce inhalation?

Answer 39

the diaphragm and external intercostals

Question 40

what is restful exhalation

Answer 40

elastic recoil

Question 41

what muscles cause forceful exhalation?

Answer 41

internal intercostal and abdominals

Question 42

What are the 4 abdomen muscles?

Answer 42

1) External obliques 2) Interal obliques 3) Transverse abdominis 4) Rectus abdominis

Question 43

What is the action of both external obliques?

Answer 43

they compress abdomen and flex vertabral column

Question 44

What is the action of one external oblique?

Answer 44

lateral flexion of vertebral column

Question 45

What is the action of the internal oblique

Answer 45

same as the external oblique

Question 46

What is the action of the transverse abdominis?

Answer 46

compresses abdomen

Question 47

What is the transverse abdominis?

Answer 47

the natural back brace

Question 48

What is the origin of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 48

the pubic bone

Question 49

What is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 49

the xyphoid process and mid ribs

Question 50

What is the action of the rectus abdominis?

Answer 50

flexes the vertebral and compresses the abdomen

Question 51

What are the 5 ligaments/sheaths?

Answer 51

1) inguinal ligament 2) rectus sheath 3) linae semilunaris 4) teninous intersections 5) linae alba

Question 52

What is the location of the inguinal ligament?

Answer 52

inferior to the external obliques

Question 53

What does the rectus sheath cover?

Answer 53

the abdomen

Question 54

What is the linae semilunaris described as?

Answer 54

the lateral “half-moon shape”

Question 55

What does the tendinous intersections create?

Answer 55

the separates “6 pack”

Question 56

Where is the linae alba located?

Answer 56

Down the center of the rectus abdominis

Question 57

What are the 5 muscles associated with the pelvic?

Answer 57

1) perineum 2) urogenital tringle 3) anal triangle 4) levator ani 5) pubococcygeus

Question 58

What is the perineum?

Answer 58

The diamond shape region between lower appendages

Question 59

What is the urogenital triangle?

Answer 59

the anterior peritoneum

Question 60

What is the anal triangle?

Answer 60

posterior peritoneum

Question 61

What does the levator ani support?

Answer 61

the pelvic viscera

Question 62

What does the pubociccygeus contribute to?

Answer 62

the levator ani

Question 63

What is Bells Palsy?

Answer 63

paralysis of the facial nerve which causes paralysis of the face

Question 64

What is strabismus?

Answer 64

otherwise known as “lazy eye” when the brain pushes weak eye away causing the “lazy eye” look

Question 65

What are 2 things that can help with a strabismus?

Answer 65

1) Glasses may fix 2) patch good eye will force brain to use lazy eye

Question 66

What is tetanus?

Answer 66

toxin locking muscles

Question 67

What is the first sign of tetanus?

Answer 67

lockjaw

Question 68

What is the later stages of tetanus?

Answer 68

Opisthotonos (full contraction of muscles)

Question 69

What is botox and what is it a form of?

Answer 69

Paralysis to muscles reducing wrinkles a form of botulism

Question 70

What are 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff (SItS)

Answer 70

1) supraspinatus 2) infraspinatus 3) teres minor 4) subscapularis

Question 71

What is the action of the supraspinatus?

Answer 71

abduction of arm at the shoulder

Question 72

What is the action of the infraspinatus?

Answer 72

lateral rotation and adduction at shoulder

Question 73

What is the action of the teres minor?

Answer 73

lateral rotation and adduction at shoulder

Question 74

what is the action of the supscapularis?

Answer 74

medial rotation at shoulder

Question 75

What happens when you damage C3 and above?

Answer 75

respirator dependent quadriplegic