Spinal Cord And Spinal Nerves

Question 1

What are the 5 regions of the spine and what are their numbers?

Answer 1

1) Cervical region (C1-C8)
2) Thoracic region (T1-12)
3) Lumbar region (L1-L5)
4) Sacral region (S1-S5)
5) Coccygeal region (Co)

Question 2

What three things are at the end of the spinal cord?

Answer 2

1) Conus Medullaris
2) Cauda Equina
3) Filum Terminale

Question 3

What is the conus medullaris and where is it on the spinal cord in adults, children, and newborns?

Answer 3

It is the tapering end of the spinal cord (cone shape)
It is at L1 in adults, L2 in children, and L3 in newborns

Question 4

What is the cauda equina?

Answer 4

The hair like structure off the end of the spinal cord

Question 5

What is the filum terminale and where does it end?

Answer 5

A extension of pia mater form the end of the spinal cord, it ends at the coccyx

Question 6

What are the 2 enlargements of the spine?

Answer 6

1) cervical enlargement
2) lumbosacral enlargement

Question 7

Where is the cervical enlargement found and what is inside it?

Answer 7

• It is found in the inferior cervical region
• it is packed with neurons for the arms

Question 8

Where is the lumbosacral enlargement found and what is inside it?

Answer 8

• It is found in the mid lumbar region
• it is packed with neurons for the legs

Question 9

What is the order of the meninges within the spinal cord?

Answer 9

1) Vertebra
2) Epidural space
3) Dura
4) Subdural space
5) Arachnoid
6) Subarachnoid space
7) pia mater

Question 10

What is dermatome?

Answer 10

A area of the body that is innervated by a single nerve

Question 11

What is referred pain?

Answer 11

Pain that is felt along a dermatome

Question 12

What is a nerve plexus

Answer 12

A group of spinal nerves

Question 13

Why does we have nerve plexuses?

Answer 13

They are our back up system so if one nerve is damaged the rest of the nerves in the plexus will still work so it may not completely damage a function

Question 14

What is the most superior plexus?

Answer 14

The cervical plexus (C1-C4)

Question 15

What does the cervical plexus cover?

Answer 15

The anterior neck muscles, the skin of neck, and the head and shoulders

Question 16

What is the phrenic nerve?

Answer 16

Is innervates with the diaphragm

Question 17

What are hiccups caused by?

Answer 17

Irritation of the phrenic nerve causing spasms of the diaphragm and sudden closure of the epiglottis

Question 18

What is the plexus just inferior to the cervical plexus?

Answer 18

The brachial plexus (C5-T1)

Question 19

What does the axillary nerve innervate with?

Answer 19

The teres minor and deltoid

Question 20

What muscles does the median nerve cover?

Answer 20

The muscles of the antebrachium and manus

Question 21

The median nerve receives sensory information from what?

Answer 21

Digits 1, 2, 3, 1/2 of 4

Question 22

What is the median nerve associated with?

Answer 22

Carpal tunnel

Question 23

What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate with?

Answer 23

The flexors of the elbow (ex: biceps brachii)

Question 24

What is the more commonly known name for the ulnar nerve?

Answer 24

The funny bone

Question 25

What muscles does the ulnar nerve cover?

Answer 25

The muscles of the manus and forearm

Question 26

Where does the ulnar nerve receive sensory information from?

Answer 26

The 4 & 5 digits

Question 27

What nerve plexus is inferior to the brachial plexus?

Answer 27

The lumbar plexus

Question 28

What nerve innervates the quad’s and the sartorius?

Answer 28

The femoral nerve

Question 29

Where does the femoral nerve receive sensory information from?

Answer 29

From the medial leg

Question 30

What does the obturator nerve innervate?

Answer 30

The gracilis

Question 31

Where does the obturator nerve receive information from?

Answer 31

From the super medial skin of the thigh

Question 32

What nerve plexus is inferior to the lumbar plexus?

Answer 32

The sacral plexus (L4-S4)

Question 33

What is the largest nerve in the body?

Answer 33

The sciatic nerve

Question 34

What is the sciatic nerve deep to?

Answer 34

The piriformis

Question 35

What two nerves does the sciatic nerve spilt into?

Answer 35

The tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve)

Question 36

Is the tibial nerve posterior or superior?

Answer 36

It’s on the posterior side of the leg

Question 37

What muscles does the tibial nerve run through?

Answer 37

The hamstrings, gastrocnemius, and the soleus

Question 38

Where does the tibial nerve receive sensory from?

Answer 38

The sole of the foot

Question 39

Is the common fibular nerve on the posterior or the superior of the leg?

Answer 39

The superior portion of the leg

Question 40

What muscles does the common fibular nerve innervate?

Answer 40

The tibialis anterior, and the peroneus longus

Question 41

Where does the common fibular nerve receive sensory information from?

Answer 41

Anterolateral part of the leg, the toes, and dorsum of the foot

Question 42

What does the neural tube form during development?

Answer 42

It forms the CNS during development

Question 43

What does the neural canal form during development?

Answer 43

Forms the central canal of the spinal cord

Question 44

What can be causes by damage above C3?

Answer 44

Respirator-dependent quadriplegic

Question 45

What are respirator-dependent quadriplegic most likely to die from?

Answer 45

Asphyxiation

Question 46

If they live what will they require to survive?

Answer 46

They will require respiratory device

Question 47

What will result if there is damage to C4-C7?

Answer 47

Quadriplegia

Question 48

What does quadriplegia mean?

Answer 48

Paralysis to both legs and both arms (along with trunk)

Question 49

What can result form damage to T1-L1?

Answer 49

Paraplegia

Question 50

What is paraplegia?

Answer 50

Paralysis of legs and lower trunk

Question 51

Where does the spinal cord end in adults?

Answer 51

L1

Question 52

Where does the spinal cord end in children?

Answer 52

L2

Question 53

What is grey matter in the spinal cord?

Answer 53

Inner part of the spinal cord

Question 54

What is white matter in the spinal cord?

Answer 54

The outer part of the spinal cord

Question 55

What does the middle canal contain?

Answer 55

CSF

Question 56

What is the conus medullaris?

Answer 56

The tapering end of the spinal cord (cone shape)

Question 57

Where does the conus medullaris start in adults, children, and newborns?

Answer 57

Adults- L1 Children- L2 Newborns- L3

Question 58

What is the cauda equine?

Answer 58

The hair like structure off the end of the spinal cord

Question 60

What is a dermatome?

Answer 60

The area of the body that is innervated by a single nerve

Question 61

What does the dermatome create?

Answer 61

A map around the body

Question 62

What are shingles?

Answer 62

A chickenpox virus that continues to live within your body

Question 63

What does shingles present as?

Answer 63

A one sided painful rash that follows a dermatome