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Anatomy > Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What is the clavicle?

A

Collarbone

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2
Q

What does the clavicle look like?

A

Slender, doubly curved bone

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3
Q

What does the clavicle attach to?

A

Attaches to the manubrium of the sternum medially and to the scapula laterally

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4
Q

What does the clavicle connecting with other bones do?

A

Helps to form the shoulder joints

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5
Q

What are the scapulae (scapula)?

A

Shoulder blades

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6
Q

What do the scapulae look like and what are they commonly called?

A

Triangular and commonly called wings

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7
Q

How do the scapulae move?

A

They flare when the arms are moved posteriorly

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8
Q

What is the acromion?

A

The enlarged end of the spine of the scapula

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9
Q

What does the acromion do?

A

Connects with the clavicle laterally to form the acromioclavicular joint

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10
Q

What/where is the coracoid process?

A

Points over the top of the shoulder

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11
Q

What does the coracoid do?

A

Anchors some of the muscles of the arm

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12
Q

What is the glenoid cavity?

A

A shallow socket that receives the head of the arm bone

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13
Q

The shoulder girdle has…

A

Exceptional flexibility

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14
Q

What is the problem with shoulders being flexible?

A

They can be easily dislocated

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15
Q

What are the greater and lesser tubercles?

A

Two bony projections opposite the head

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16
Q

What do the greater and lesser tubercles do?

A

They are sites of muscle attachment

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17
Q

What is the radius?

A

The lateral bone on the thumb side of the forearm

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18
Q

Is the radius or ulna bigger?

A

Radius

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19
Q

What is the ulna?

A

The medial bone on the pinky finger side of the forearm

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20
Q

How many and where are the carpal bones?

A

8, wrist

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21
Q

How many and where are the metacarpal bones?

A

5, hand

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22
Q

How many and where are the phalanges?

A

14, on both fingers and toes

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23
Q

What is the pelvic girdle made up of?

A

The coxal bones or ossa coxae

24
Q

What are the ossa coxae or coxal bones most commonly called?

A

Hip bones

25
Q

What makes up the bony pelvis?

A

Two coxal bones, along with the sacrum and coccyx

26
Q

What is the coxal bone made up of?

A

Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis

27
Q

What does the Ilium bone look like?

A

It is a large, flat bone that makes up most of the hip

28
Q

What does the Ilium do?

A

Connects posteriorly with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint

29
Q

What is different about the female pelvic girdle?

A

The sacrum is shorter and less curved, the ischial spines are shorter and farther apart thus the inlet is larger, the pubic arch is more rounded because the angle of the pubic arch is greater

29
Q

What is the femur?

A

The thigh bone, the strongest bone of the body

30
Q

What does the proximal end of the femur have?

A

The proximal end of the femur has a ball like head which articulates with the socket of the hip bone

31
Q

Where is the neck of the femur and what is special about it?

A

After the head, this is a common fracture location for the elderly

32
Q

Head =

A

Greater trochanter

33
Q

What direction is the femur at?

A

The femur slants medially as it runs downward to join with the leg bones

34
Q

What does the direction of the femur do?

A

Brings the knees in line with the body’s center of gravity

35
Q

What do the distally lateral and medial condyles do?

A

These two structures articulate with the tibia of the lower leg

36
Q

Where is the patellar surface and what does it do?

A

Anteriorly on the distal femur, it forms the joint with the patella

37
Q

What are the two bones that form the skeleton of the leg?

A

The tibia and fibula

38
Q

What is the interosseous membrane?

A

It holds the tibia and fibula together (and radius and ulna)

39
Q

What is the tibia?

A

The shinbone, more medial

40
Q

Is the tibia or fibula bigger?

A

Tibia

41
Q

What is at the proximal end of the tibia and fibula?

A

Medial and lateral condyles

42
Q

What do the medial and lateral condyles do at the proximal end of the tibia and fibula?

A

Articulate with the distal end of the femur to form the knee joint

43
Q

What is the medial malleolus?

A

Forms the inner bulge of the ankle

44
Q

Where is the fibula?

A

Lies along side the tibia and forms joints both proximally and distally

45
Q

What does the fibula look like?

A

Thin and stick like

46
Q

What is special about the fibula?

A

It has no part in forming the knee joint.

47
Q

What is the lateral malleous and where is it?

A

Distal end of the fibula and forms the outer part of the ankle

48
Q

What is the tarsus?

A

Forms the posterior half of the foot

49
Q

How many bones it the tarsus made up of?

A

7 tarsal bones

50
Q

What does talus mean?

A

Ankle bone

51
Q

How many metatarsals are there and what do they form?

A

5, the sole of the foot

52
Q

What form the toes and how many?

A

14 phalanges

53
Q

Are the toe phalanges considered a part of the leg?

A

Yes

54
Q

What are weak arches?

A

Flat feet or fallen arches

55
Q

How many phalanges does each toe have, and how many does the big toe have?

A

3, 2

Anatomy (12 decks)

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