apush 3rd nine weeks test review

Question 1

characteristics of the progressives

Answer 1

middle aged protestant (mostly women) in cities, moral voice to improve society, scientific management

Question 2

characteristics of the populists

Answer 2

farmers (men and women) came before progressives, did not accomplish much but progressives finished what populists started

Question 3

causes and responses to farmer’s concerns

Answer 3

overproduction caused prices to go down (can’t make as much money), railroad companies ripped off farmers which costed more money

Question 4

republican party platform

Answer 4

high tariffs (protect northern industry), for the gold standard (protected wealthy bankers)

Question 5

democratic party platform

Answer 5

low tariffs, want free coinage of silver to increase money supply and make loans worth less to pay back

Question 6

civil service reform

Answer 6

spoil system: patronage, hire whoever you want, civil service exam allowed people to earn a government job rather than relying on having connections with politicians to hire them

Question 7

pendleton act of 1833

Answer 7

Establishment of Civil Service Exam
More gov’t jobs filled by this

Question 8

sherman antitrust act

Answer 8

Attacked monopolies
Not very effective but did break up Standard Oil

Question 9

clayton antitrust act

Answer 9

More effective than Sherman Antitrust Act
Product of the Progressive Era (Woodrow Wilson)

Question 10

interstate commerce act

Answer 10

Federal government controls interstate commerce
State laws were considered unconstitutional and the ICA was passed to create the Interstate Commerce Committee (ICC)
The ICC’s job was to regulate interstate commerce and ensure railroad companies were not ripping people off (protect farmers)

Question 11

omaha platform

Answer 11

Platform of the Populist Party
Want to regulate railroads, coinage of silver, cooperation of farmers

Question 12

coxey’s army

Answer 12

Economic downturn (panic/depression/recession) of 1893
Marches on Washington to petition the government for help
Ultimately failed

Question 13

jim crow laws

Answer 13

Enforced segregation
Voting restrictions (poll taxes, grandfather clause, literacy tests)

Question 14

segregation

Answer 14

Aimed to create 2 separate societies of blacks and whites

Question 15

plessy v ferguson

Answer 15

ruled that segregation was constitutional under the “separate but equal” doctrine
Overturned by Brown v Board

Question 16

free silver vs the gold standard

Answer 16

more money= easy on farmers bc more money with less value to pay back loans

Question 17

“cross of gold” speech

Answer 17

Given by WJB
Compared the gold standard to crucifixion on a Cross of Gold
Moving allegory, impactful

Question 18

william jennings bryant

Answer 18

Represented Populists and Democratic when running for Presidency
Lost election

Question 19

1896 Presidential Campaign

Answer 19

WJB loses to William McKinley (goes 0-3 in getting nominated but not elected)

Question 20

the political power of the gilded age bug business

Answer 20

Robber Barons (Carnegie, Rockefeller, etc.) were able to “buy” the Presidency

Question 21

1902 anthracite coal strike

Answer 21

Coal mine workers went on strike for better wages and conditions and less hours
Dangerous to not have coal to heat homes in the middle of winter
Teddy Roosevelt intervened by threatening to send in troops but took the side of the laborers (he was Republican but also a Progressive)

Question 22

1911 standard oil antitrust case

Answer 22

Broke up Standard Oil
Created several different oil entities (end of monopoly)

Question 23

progressive conservation measures

Answer 23

park system

Question 24

progressive era amendments

Answer 24

19: women’s suffrage
16: income tax
17: direct election of senators
18: prohibition

Question 25

conservation movement

Answer 25

preserving natural resources and the environment natural parks are created

Question 26

social gospel

Answer 26

Idea that society is made better with the infiltration of Christianity into everyday life Not just Christian on Sunday, but all week Middle aged Protestant women led the charge

Question 27

settlement house movement

Answer 27

Hull House (Chicago) Helped to settle primarily immigrants Provided needs for those who needed help

Question 28

jane addams

Answer 28

started the hull house

Question 29

muckrakers

Answer 29

Exposed major issues in society via photos/illustrations in newspapers/magazines Generates $ and pressures government

Question 30

urban political machines/boss tweed

Answer 30

helped immigrants and bribed them for their vote, used position to rip off taxpayers, boss tweed taken down by Nast

Question 31

child labor reforms

Answer 31

Women get involved Required schooling until certain age Improved working conditions in factories

Question 32

Jacob Riis "How the Other Half Lives"

Answer 32

Exposed poor sanitation and housing in cities Helped poor people Upper middle class women get involved

Question 33

margaret sanger

Answer 33

Advocated for birth control Saw that more children were an economic burden and having fewer to take care of would lessen the burden

Question 34

suffrage movement

Answer 34

Women Seneca Falls Convention (1848) 1920: 19th amendment

Question 35

atlanta exposition speech

Answer 35

Made by Booker T. Washington (advocate for AA rights) Gradualism (accept social inequality for economic equality, Tuskegee Institute created trade education for blacks to make income) Critic was W.E.B DuBois

Question 36

niagara movement

Answer 36

Counterpoint to Booker T. Washington Started NAACP WEB DuBois is founder of NAACP Wanted immediate social change for AAs

Question 37

founding of the NAACP

Answer 37

Wanted immediate reform for African American rights

Question 38

Robert La Follette

Answer 38

governor of Wisconsin Income tax on businesses (graduated income tax) More money = higher taxes

Question 39

American Federation of Labor

Answer 39

Led by Samuel Gompers Skilled laborers (money = power)

Question 40

1912 presidential election

Answer 40

Roosevelt (Progressive), Taft (Republican), Wilson (Democrat) Wilson wins b/c Roosevelt and Taft split vote

Question 41

social darwinism

Answer 41

Survival of the fittest People are economically where they belong

Question 42

the maine

Answer 42

Exploded Triggered the Spanish American War US declares war

Question 43

US involvement in the Phillipines

Answer 43

Emilio Aguinaldo led Filipinos in insurrection against US Bloody but US eventually wins Seen as hypocritical by some

Question 44

US involvement in Hawaii

Answer 44

Invest in Hawaii but business was tough Arranged to overthrow the Queen of Hawaii Get annexed by McKinley as a US territory

Question 45

Results of the Spanish-American War

Answer 45

US got Puerto Rico and Guam Paid $20 M for the Philippines Cuba is independent (Teller Amendment)

Question 46

Platt Amendment

Answer 46

Cuba gave US naval bases (Guantanamo Bay) If foreign country tries to get involved with Cuba they have to go through US

Question 47

Root-Takahira Amendment

Answer 47

US and Japan Agreed to maintain status quo in the Pacific Ocean

Question 48

“Gentleman’s Agreement”

Answer 48

Agreement between Roosevelt and Japan Japan cuts off immigration US would stop segregating Japanese students in schools

Question 49

Roosevelt Corollary

Answer 49

Makes US the policeman of Latin America Keep Europe out of Latin America and gives US an excuse to get involved

Question 50

Open Door Policy

Answer 50

Sphere of influence kept US from trading with China John Hay proposed, China would be open to free trade with the United States

Question 51

U.S relationship with China and Japan

Answer 51

Decent relations Status quo with Japan

Question 52

“Big Stick Diplomacy”

Answer 52

Roosevelt Great White fleet Speak softly and carry a big stick

Question 53

Negotiations for the building of the Panama Canal

Answer 53

Colombia controlled Panama Encouraged Panamanian Revolution so that the US could come build the canal

Question 54

The problems with building the Panama Canal

Answer 54

Mosquitoes Mountains Jungle Disease

Question 55

Imperialists v. Anti-imperialists

Answer 55

Imperialists: access to markets and military bases Anti: wrong, forcing oppression, not democratic