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Archaeology > Arch. Final Section V > Flashcards

Arch. Final Section V Flashcards

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1
Q

political entity united diverse societies and culture under single supreme ruler (the emperor)

A

Empire

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2
Q

characteristics of an empire (2) (CR)

A

1) core-periphery relations

2) regulated through force and communication

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3
Q

where is the Inca Empire and when?

A

South America (Chile to Ecuador) 1476-1533AD

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4
Q

what type of environment is the Inca empire?

A

environmentally diverse

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5
Q

who was part of the Inca Empire?

A

12 million people from 80 (conquered) provices

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6
Q

How was the Inca empire seen in terms of language?

A

linguistically diverse (a lot of different languages)

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7
Q

what did the Inca Empire emerge from?

A

earlier states (conquest and alliances)

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8
Q

what type of economy is there in the Inca Empire?

A

Tribute economy

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9
Q

how is a tribute economy enforced in the Inca empire?

A

taxes: textiles and labor

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10
Q

who was the ruler of the Inca empire?

A

The Inca

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11
Q

supreme ruler (always male) leader of the Inca Empire

A

The Inca

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12
Q

what happens to the Inca after they die?

A

they are mummified and worshiped

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13
Q

what happens to the Inca’s wealth after they die?

A

passes wealth to descendents but not the next inca

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14
Q

what is the imperial capital of the Inca empire?

A

Cuzco

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15
Q

characteristics of the imperial capital (Cuzco)

A

1) cutstone masonry

2) labor tax (20,000 over decades)

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16
Q

what were roads for in the Inca Empire?

A

communication and trade and conquest

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17
Q

charcteristics of roads in the Inca Empire

A

1) 40,000 km

2) stone lined

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18
Q

how were roads built?

A

corvee (labor)

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19
Q

types of bridges of the inca empire

A

1) floating

2) suspension (some 45m. long)

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20
Q

how often were way stations seen in the Inca Empire?

A

every 6-9 km along the road

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21
Q

what were the way stations for? (4) (ATLB)

A

1) administration
2) trade
3) lodge
4) barracks (military)

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22
Q

characteristics of warfare in the Inca Empire

A

1) 10k+ troops
2) multi-ethnic forces
3) massed frontal assaults

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23
Q

what did mass frontal assualts consist of?

Study These Flashcards
A

arrows, slings, spears and clubs. hand-to-hand

24
Q

was there a known written language in the Inca empire?

25
what was something that people believed represented language in the Inca Empire?
Kipus (knotted cords)
26
characteristics of Kipus (knotted cords) (4) (UPPP)
`1) undeciphered 2) possibly coded language 3) possible accounting 4) possibly stories
27
when did the spanish conquest occur in the Inca Empire?
1533
28
who came for the Spanish Conquest in the Inca Empire?
Pizarro + 168 men + 1 cannon + 27 horses
29
what did the Spanish conquest cause in the Inca Empire? (2) (SU)
1) strife within Empire + smallpox | 2) unrest= native allies for Pizzaro
30
where did the Aztec empire occur and when?
Central Mexico from 1325-1519AD
31
how big was the Aztec empire?
200,000square km
32
characteristics of Aztec Empire (4) (6LCT)
1) 6-10 Million people 2) linguistically diverse 3) cultural/religious assimilation not requred 4) Tribute economy
33
what type of origins do the Aztec empire have?
mythic origins
34
what type of people are there in the Aztec Empire showing their mythic origins?
Nomadic people followed war G-d to Basin of Mexico in AD 1193
35
what did the Nomads in the Aztec empire find?
Tenochtitlan (Lake Texxcoco)
36
what type of people were the nomads in the Aztec empire?
mercenaries
37
what did the first Aztec kings do?
subjugates surrounding city-states
38
in terms of warfare what type of society was the Aztec empire?
a militeristic society
39
what were military school for in the Aztec empire?
commonors (men and women)
40
what type of warrior societies did the Aztec Empire have?
1) eagle | 2) jaguar
41
what does military success do for the Aztec Empire?
improve social standing
42
characteristics of warfare in the Aztec Empire? (4) (SMTA)
1) Spy network 2) messenger relay 3) tribute provide campaign supplies 4) army approx. 500,000
43
what did Aztec capital's Tenochtitlan include? (5) (PMASR)
1) Palaces 2) marketplace 3) aqueducts 4) sewage systems 5) religious architecture
44
what at Tenochtitlan made it more livable?
swamps drained and Chinpas built
45
how were swamps drained and chinpas built in the Aztec Empire?
raised fields/ "floating gardens"
46
characteristics of Templo Mayer (heart of the City) (3) (PCS)
1) pyramid for the patron G-ds 2) Cosmic center of the Universe 3) site of human sacrifice
47
characteristics of human sacrifice in the Aztec Empire (3) (DHO)
1) Dieties keep cosmic-order- sacrifice selves to create universe 2) human sustain them via ritual 3) offerings of tonalli- life force
48
what were reasons for human sacrifice in the Aztec empire? (2) (PE)
1) progmatic= domination/ritual intimidation | 2) extension of the idea of tribute
49
what is an extension to the idea of tribute?
1) when material tribute remains were refused | 2) when rebellion led to war (captive warriors)
50
when was the Aztec Empire conquested?
1519
51
who conquested the Aztec empire?
Herman Cortes + small force
52
what did Cortes capture when he conquested the aztec empire?
Montezuma
53
who did Herman Cortes conquer the Aztec Empire with?
native allies
54
what did the conquest of theAztec Empire cause?
Smallpox
55
how does an empire differ from a state?
Empires tend to incorporate multiple linguistic, ethnic and political groups into one entity

Archaeology (18 decks)

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