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Flashcards in Aseptic technique Deck (38)
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1
Q

define asepsis

A

Absence of microbes that cause disease

2
Q

define Sterile

A

Absence of living microorganisms (inanimate objects

3
Q

define Surgically clean

A

Destruction of all accessible micro organisms on the surface

4
Q

define Contaminated

A

Surface or structure where microorganisms are present

5
Q

define Contaminated

A

Surface or structure where microorganisms are present

6
Q

Define a surgical site infection?

A

Infection from a surgical incision within 30 days of surgery (1 year for implants)

7
Q

4 places microorganisms can come from?

A

Environment
patient
Surgeon
Surgical site

8
Q

3 environmental factors affecting SSI

A

Operating room design
Operating room cleaning protocol
traffic and personal in the OR

9
Q

+1 person in the OR results inwhat increase in infection rate?

A

30%

10
Q

5 ways to sterilize equipment

A
Steam
Gas
plasma (H2O2)
Ionizing radiation
Cold chemical
11
Q

Steam sterilization uses what tool? What temp and time

A

Autoclave

121 for 15-30 minutes

12
Q

3 requirements for autoclave to work?

A

Clean instruments
Correct packing, wrapping
Proper positioning in the unit

13
Q

Gas sterilization is best used for what?

A

Heat or moisture sensitive equipment

14
Q

What is the biggest drawbacks to gas sterilization (3)

A

Very toxic to personel if exposed
Long sterilization cycle
needs aeration before use

15
Q

Cold chemical sterilization uses what chemical?

A

Glutaradehyde

16
Q

2 caveats to cold chemical

A

Irritating must rinse it
Resp and dermal effects
10-12 hour duration

17
Q

For equipment to be cold chemical sterilized it needs to be good with?

A

Being under water

18
Q

For equipment to be cold chemical sterilized it needs to be good with?

A

Being under water

19
Q

How do we know sterilization worked?

A

Chemical indicators

biological indicators

20
Q

2 chemical indicators?

A

Autoclave tape

indicator strips

21
Q

What species do they use for biological indicators?

A

Non pathogenic bacillus

22
Q

What species do they use for biological indicators?

A

Non pathogenic bacillus

23
Q

name 4 general patient factors

A

Disease status
nutrition status
age and gender
bathing status

24
Q

3 factors to patient skin preparation

A

Hair removal is a good thing
After anesthesia is induced or 3-10x infection rate
Avoid hair clipping the paw sif possible

25
Q

3 goals of skin preparation

A

To remove dirt
reduce resident microflora
inhibit rapid rebound growth of microbes

26
Q

What isa better skin prep, chlorhexidine or providone iodine?

A

Chlorohex

27
Q

Best contact time for chlorohex? Why?

A

3 minutes

to bind keratin

28
Q

5 tips top skin preparation technique

A

Use sterile gloves
dominant hand to prep non dominant to pick up gauze
circular pattern
do not go back to the middle with the same sponge
don’t scrub too hard

29
Q

What thread count actually poses a bacterial barrier?

A

270

30
Q

2 do nots for draping

A

Do not readjust the drap

do not re use the towel clamps

31
Q

4 pieces of surgical attire?

A

Scrubs
caps
masks
booties or dedicated OR shoes

32
Q

Are surgical gowns waterproof?

A

Yes but not the cuffs

33
Q

Are surgical gloves an absolute barrier?

A

No 1.5% have holes prior to surgery, 26% have holes at the end of surgery
Microholes are common

34
Q

How does the infection rate change with time in surgery?

A

doubles each hour of surgery

35
Q

3 times when you should use prophylactic antibiotics?

A

Dirty surgeries
Long surgeries
When infection would be catastrophic

36
Q

3 times when you should use prophylactic antibiotics?

A

Dirty surgeries
Long surgeries
When infection would be catastrophic

37
Q

How doe we give prophylactic antiobiotics in surgery?

A

IV route to get high tissue levels at time
Give at anesthesia induction
repeat every 90 minutes
stop when skin is closed

38
Q

What happens if you continue antibiotics for 24 hours?

A

INcrease in infection