Atom
The smallest unit of matter that has the properties of an element
Proton
Positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus (+1)
Neutron
Neural subatomic particle in the nucleus (0)
Electron
Negatively charged subatomic particle outside the nucleus (-1)
Nucleus
Center of an atom, has protons + neutrons
Atomic number
Number of protons in an atom, identifies an atom
Mass number
The number proton + neutrons
Group
Column on the periodic table, has the same number of valence electrons
Period
Row on the periodic table
Valence electrons
Electrons in the outermost energy shell. They determine reactivity.