Atomic Structure WK2 L1 Flashcards
WHAT THE SMALLEST INDIVIDUAL UNIT WE CAN DIVIDE DOWN TO AND STILL HAVE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES?
ATOM
WHAT IS THE ATOMS INNER DENSE AREA CALLED?
NUCELUS
WHAT IS OUTSIDE THE NUCLEUS?
A WHOLE LOT OF SPACE
WHAT ARE THE PARTICLES ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE ATOM?
ELECTRONS
WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN PARTICLES INSIDE A NUCLEUS?
PROTONS AND NEUTRONS
WHICH PARTICLES ARE POSITIVELY CHARGED?
PROTONS
WHICH PARTICLES HAVE HO CHARGE?
NEUTRONS
WHICH PARTICLE INSIDE THE NUCLEUS DEFINES AN ELEMENT?
PROTON
HOW ARE ELEMENTS DEFINED?
BY THE AMOUNT OF PROTONS IT HAS
WHAT IS THE NUMBER THAT DEFINES AN ELEMENT CALLED?
THE ATOMIC NUMBER
HOW IS THE MASS NUMBER CALCULATED?
BY THE AMOUNT OF PROTONS AND AVERAGE NEUTRONS THE ATOM ADDED TOGETHER
WHY ARE ATOMIC MASSES NOT WHOLE NUMBERS?
THERE IS A VARIATION OF THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS IN EACH ELEMENT DEPENDING ON ISOTOPES
WHAT IS THE VARIATION OF THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS IN EACH ELEMENT CALLED?
ISOTOPES
WHAT IS AN ELECTRON SHELL?
LAYERS OF SHELL THAT KEEP THE ELECTRONS IN AN ORGANISED PATTERN
WHY ARE ELECTRON SHELLS IMPORTANT?
THEY INFLUENCE HOW INDIVIDUAL ATOMS REACT CHEMICALLY WITH ANOTHER ATOM
WHAT ARE ELECTRON BONDS?
WHERE ELECTRON SHELLS CONNECT TOGETHER TO BOND
HOW ARE THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS DETERMINED?
BY THE AMOUNT OF PROTONS WITHIN THE ATOM
WHAT ARE THE NUMBER OF ELECTRONS IN EACH ELECTRON SHELL?
WHAT IS THE OUTMOST ELECTRON SHELL LAYER CALLED?
VALENCE SHELL
WHAT DOES THE VALENCE SHELL DO?
DETERMINES HOW THINGS DO AND DONT REACT AND FORM CHEMICAL BONDS WITH OTHER ATOMS
WHAT ARE ISOTOPES?
A VARIANT OF AN ELEMENT THAT DIFFERS BY THE AMOUNT OF NEUTRONS
WHAT ARE RADIOISOTOPES?
AN ISOTOPE WITH AN UNSTABLE NUCLEUS
WHAT DOES THE PHYSICAL HALF-LIFE OF RADIOISOTOPES MEAN?
THE TIME REQUIRED FOR 50% TO DECAY TO A STABLE STATE
WHAT DOES THE BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE OF RADIOISOTOPES MEAN?
THE TIME REQUIRED FOR 50% TO DISAPPEAR FROM THE BODY
