atoms & periodic pt 2

Question 1

Outline the relationship between GROUPS of the periodic table and the electronic structure of elements.

Answer 1

Number of electrons in the outer shell (valence electrons)

Question 2

Outline the relationship between PERIODS of the periodic table and the electronic structure of elements.

Answer 2

Number of electron shells (energy levels)

Question 3

Properties of metals

Answer 3

Malleable
Ductile
Good conductors of heat/electricity
Can be polished to give high shine
Melts at high temp

Question 4

Properties of non-metals

Answer 4

Brittle
Dull
Cannot be bent into shape
Melts at lower temp
Poor conductors of electricity

Question 5

How are ions formed?

Answer 5

Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable outer shell configuration

Question 6

How does the electronic configuration of an atom relates to its properties?

Answer 6

-the electronic configuration shows the amount of valence electrons of an atom
-Valency shows the reactivity of the atom, type of ion it forms, type of bond.

Question 7

Ionic charges for the first 20 elements

Answer 7

Group 1: +1
Group 2: +2
Group 13: +3
Group 14: +4/-4
Group 15: -3
Group 16: -2
Group 17: -1
Group 18: 0 (noble gases)

Question 8

describe neutron

Answer 8

0, heavy, nucleus.

Question 9

describe electron

Answer 9

-1, super light, orbital shells around nucleus

Question 10

describe proton

Answer 10

+1, heavy, found in nucleus.

Question 11

groups reactivity trend

Answer 11

metals: more reactive going down the group
non-metals: less reactive going down the group

Question 12

difference between group/period

Answer 12

elements in the same group has similar chemical properties/reactivity, periods dont