ATP

Question 1

Structure of ATP

Answer 1

A nucleotide deriverative
Where ADENINE is bonded to ribose which is bonded to 3 phosphate groups

Question 2

Full name of ATP

Answer 2

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 3

What is the function of ATP

Answer 3

A molecule which stores energy released in respiration and can release small amounts of it
In energy requiring reactions in cells

Question 4

Why is ATP needed

Answer 4

Because energy released in respiration is very large, more than cells need
So transfer to atp means it can be released in smaller more useful quantities
For reactions within cells which require energy

Question 5

How is energy released in ATP?

Answer 5

In hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and an inorganic phosphate group (Pi)

Question 6

What reaction is conversion from ATP do ADP and why?

Answer 6

Hydrolysis
Because water is added to break the bond between the phosphate groups in ATP

Question 7

What enzyme catalyses hydrolysis of ATP to ADP?

Answer 7

ATP hydrolase

Question 8

What type of reaction is conversion from ATP to ADP?

Answer 8

Exergonic because energy is released when bond between phosphate groups is broken

Question 9

What can the inorganic phosphate ion do?

Answer 9

Phosphorylation of other compounds by attaching to it = more reactive

Question 10

How can ATP be re synthesised ?

Answer 10

In a condensation reaction by releasing water to form bond between ADP and phosphate group

Question 11

What reaction is re synthesis of ATP and why?

Answer 11

Condensation reaction because water molecules released to form bond to phosphate

Question 12

What enzyme catalyses re synthesis of ATP?

Answer 12

ATP synthase

Question 13

When does the resynthesis of ATP occur?

Answer 13

In photosynthesis and respiration so glucose’s energy release can be transferred to ATP aso in conversion to ADP can release smaller useful quantities of energy

Question 14

What type of reaction is the resynthesis of ATP and why?

Answer 14

Endergonic because energy is required to be put in to form bond between ADP and ATP

Question 15

Why does only one bond broken in hydrolysis of ATP to ADP?

Answer 15

So it releases energy rapidly in a single step process

Question 16

Why can ATP be rapidly resynthesised from ADP after resynthesis?

Answer 16

So a continual supply of ATP is available in the cell

Question 17

Why does ATP release small manageable amounts of energy?

Answer 17

So little energy is wasted when used in the cell

Question 18

Why can ATP not cross the cell surface membrane?

Answer 18

So it ensures that it is always available in the cell for chemical processes

Question 19

Why is ATP small and soluble?

Answer 19

So it can easily diffuse through the cytoplasm and provide energy for different chemical reactions

Question 20

Why can ATP transfer energy to other molecules by adding one of its phosphate groups after hydrolysis?

Answer 20

So it can make molecules more reactive in phosphorylation

Question 21

Why can ATP not be stored?

Answer 21

So it is constantly re generated for more ATP