aud pathways

Question 1

Where does CN VIII divide into acending and descending branches?

Answer 1

pontomedullary junction

Question 2

ascending branch of CN VIII synapses where?

Answer 2

anterior ventral cochlear nucleus

Question 3

descendng branch of CN VIII synapses where?

Answer 3

posterior ventral cochlear nucleus

dorsal cochlear nucleus

Question 4

where is monaural information routed to?

Answer 4

contralateral side

Question 5

what is the pathway of monaural tracts?

Answer 5

dorsal cochear nucleus
to
contralateral via doral acoustic stria
to
up the lateral lemniscus (nuclei of lateral lemniscus) to inferior colliculus 
to
brachium of inferior colliculus to medial geniculate nucleus
(synapse here)

Question 6

where do cell bodies in medial geniculate nucleus synapse?

Answer 6

Layer IV of primary auditory cortex

Heschl’s gyrus

Question 7

describe the pathway of binaural pathway

Answer 7

from ventral cochlear nuclei
to
trapezoid body
to superior olivary complex (lateral and medial)
to
up the lateral lemniscus (nuclei) to inferior colliculus
to
up brachium of inferior colliculus
to 
medial geniculate nucleus
to
layer IV primary auditory cortex

Question 8

what is conduction deafness?

Answer 8

deficiy related to obstructed,altered sound through tempanic membrane or ossicle chao

Question 9

what is sensorineural deafness?

Answer 9

damage to cochlea,cochlear VIII to cochlear nucei

Question 10

what is central deafness?

Answer 10

damage to central pathways

Question 11

where supplies blood to auditory nuclei of pons and medulla, cochea?

Answer 11

basilar a

Question 12

what supplie blood to inner ear and cochlea?

Answer 12

labyrynthine from AICA

Question 13

what happens if AICA is occluded?

Answer 13

monaural hearing loss

can also damage facial nerve, ipsilateral facial paralysis, inability to look to side of lesion

Question 14

what supplies blood to superior olivary complex and lateral lemniscus?

Answer 14

short circumferental branches of basilar

Question 15

what supplies blood to inferior colliculus?

Answer 15

superior cerebellar and quadrigeminal arteries?

Question 16

what supplies blood to medial geniculate bodies?

Answer 16

thalamogeniculate arteries

Question 17

what supplies blood to primary auditory and association cortices?

Answer 17

M2 branch of middle cerebral artery

Question 18

what is the dominant hemisphere in most afults for language?

Answer 18

left

Question 19

what is wernicke’s area for?

Answer 19

comprehension of spoken language

Question 20

what is brocas area for?

Answer 20

instruction for language output

planning movements to make speech

providing grammatical function for words

Question 21

what is the right hemisphere area that is like wernickes, used for?

Answer 21

interpreting nonverbal signals from other people

Question 22

what is the right hemisphere area that is like brocas, used for?

Answer 22

instructions for making nonverbal communication including emotional gestures and intonation of speech

Question 23

what is the pathway for language comprehension?

Answer 23

primary auditory cortex
to
auditory association cortex
to
wernickes area
to
subcortical connections
to
brocas area
to
oral and throat region of sensorimotor cortex

Question 24

what does the primary auditory cortex do?

Answer 24

auditory discrimination

Question 25

what does auditory association cortex do?

Answer 25

classification of sounds

Question 26

what do the subcortical connections do?

Answer 26

link wernices and brocas area

Question 27

what does oral and throat region of sensorimotor cortex do?

Answer 27

cortical output to speech muscles

Question 28

what does arcuate fasciculus do?

Answer 28

word repetition

Question 29

what is auditory agnosia?

Answer 29

inabilit to identify an object, even hough you can hear it

Question 30

what causes auditory agnosia?

Answer 30

lesion is in temporal lobe unimodal sensory association cortex bilaterally

Question 31

what happens if your wernickes area is not working?

Answer 31

cant comprehend language cant understand what is said to you cant read cant write comprehensibly paraphasic speech

Question 32

what happens if brocas area is lesioned?

Answer 32

cant speak fluently cant understand spoken and written language mutism if its severe enough if its less severe, limited speech (Slow speaking, nonessential words omitted)

Question 33

what is a global lesion, what happens?

Answer 33

lesion of lateral sulcus receptive and expressive deficits cant read or write

Question 34

what is a transcortical lesion?

Answer 34

sensory or motor, can repeat

Question 35

what is conduction aphasia?

Answer 35

lesion of supramarginal gyrus and arcuate fasciculus cant repeat, but intact fluency can comprehend language word finding difficulties intact readng, cant write

Question 36

what is special about transcortical motor lesion?

Answer 36

are nonfluent, everything else is pretty much ok ACA-MCA border infarc

Question 37

what is special about transcortical sensory lesion?

Answer 37

cant comprehend or name, everything else is ok MCA-PCA border infarc

Question 38

what happens if you have sensorineural damage to eat?

Answer 38

ipsilateral deafness

Question 39

what happens if you have central deafness?

Answer 39

not deaf because of crossing over, but hard to localize sound