Australia Flashcards
(188 cards)
1
Q
When did viticulture started in Australia?
A
the British planted vines near Sydney upon landing in 1788 and later free immigrants arrived in Australia throughout the 1830s and 1840s from all corners of Europe, and brought winemaking traditions with them as well as James Busby.
2
Q
Name some of the first familly wineries of Australia
A
Lindeman’s (1843), Penfolds (1844), Orlando Wines (1847), and Yalumba (1849)
3
Q
When was phylloxera first discovered in Australia?
A
Phylloxera was first discovered in Australia in 1877 at Geelong, Victoria.
4
Q
From the post-phylloxera period until the 1960s, approximately 80% of Australia’s production consisted of?
A
sweet fortified wines
5
Q
Which was the first vintage of Grange, how it was called and its winemaker?
A
1951, Grange Hermitage since 1990, Max Schubert
The grapes for this modern Australian wine are sourced from different vineyards across the Barossa Valley, Magill Estate, McLaren Vale, and other Penfolds’ properties.
6
Q
Which was the first vintage of Hill of Grace and the name of the winemaker?
A
1958, Cyril Henschke
7
Q
Which are the best vintages of Grange?
A
1952, 1953 and 1955
1962, 1963, 1965 and 1966
1971 and 1976 the stars
1982, 1985 and 1986 the champions
1990, 1991, 1994, 1996, 1998
2002, 2004, 2005, 2006 and now 2008 and 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2018 also stellar
8
Q
Which is the parent company of Penfolds?
A
Treasury Wine Estates (Since May 2011)
9
Q
Name some other top bottlings of Penfolds apart Grange
A
Block 42 Kalimna Cabernet Sauvignon (oldest CS in the world from Barossa)
Penfolds Bin 144 Yattarna Chadonnay
Bin 169 Coonawara Cabernet Sauvignon
Penfolds g3 (In 2017 Penfolds unveiled a special wine blended from three Grange vintages spanning seven years – 2008, 2012 and 2014. Aptly named Penfolds g3, this unique blend expertly entwined the three Grange vintages to create a completely unique Penfolds expression. A first for Penfolds. With only 1200 bottles in existence, this is a very special and rare release.)
10
Q
Name the top five varities of Australia?
A
The top five varieties in the country today, in order of planting, are: Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, and Semillon.
11
Q
Wine Australia established in?
A
1981
12
Q
the Label Integrity Program for the 1990 vintage, requiring any wines labeled by variety, vintage, or region to contain a minimum of?
A
85% of the stated grape, year, or region, respectively
13
Q
The multistate zone of South Eastern Australia, which encompasses all of?
A
Victoria, Tasmania, and New South Wales, along with the winegrowing areas of South Australia and Queensland
14
Q
How was called Sherry, Port and Tokay?
A
Apera, Tawny and Topaque
15
Q
Who developed bag-in-box and when?
A
Australians developed bag-in-the-box technology in the 1960s, and they were early and avid proponents of the screwcap closure.
16
Q
Australia developed a system of Geographical Indications (GIs) throughout the 1990s, splitting
its wine regions into a series of?
A
Zones, regions and sub-regions
17
Q
Which are the super zones of Australia?
A
Adelaide Super Zone (Barossa, Fleurie and Mt Lofty Ranges)
South Eastern Australia (includes all zones except Western Australia)
18
Q
What are the 6 states of Australia?
A
Western Australia
Queensland
Victoria
South Australia
New South Wales
Tasmania
19
Q
What mountain range runs through New South Wales?
A
The Great Dividing Range
20
Q
What is the Riverina region also known as?
A
Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
21
Q
Who is the producer of [yellow tail]? Where do they source most of their fruit?
A
Casella; Riverina
22
Q
Who produces a Botrytised dessert wine in the Riverina?
A
De Bortoli- it is called ‘Noble One’
23
Q
Which are the regions of Central Victoria?
A
Bendigo
Goulburn Valley (sub-region Nagambie Lakes)
Heathcote
Strathbogie Ranges
Upper Goulburn
24
Q
Which are the regions of Port Phillip Zone (Victoria)?
A
Geelong
Macedon Ranges
Mornington Peninsula
Sunbury
Yarra Valley
25
Where is Gippsland?
southeastern corner of Victoria
26
Which are the regions of North East Victoria?
Alpine Valleys
Beechworth
Glenrowan
KIng Valley
Rutherglen
27
Which are the regions of Western Victoria?
Grampians (sub-region Great Western Henty)
Pyrenees
28
Which are the regions of North West Victoria?
Murray Darling also NSW
Swan Hill also in NSW
29
Where is Big River Zone?
NSW
30
Which are the regions of Big River Zone?
Murray Darling
Swan Hill
Riverina
Pericoota
31
Where is Central Ranges Zone?
NSW
32
Which are the regions of Central Ranges Zone?
Cowra
Mudgee
Orange
33
Which are the regions and sub-regions of Hunter Valley (NSW)?
Broke Fordwich
Pokolbin
Upper Hunter Valley
34
Where is Northern Rivers Zone and which are its regions?
NSW
Hastings River
35
Where is Northern Slopes Zone and its region?
NSW
New England Australia
36
Where is South Coast Zone and its regions?
NSW
Shoalhaven Coast
Southern Highlands
37
Where is Southern New South Wales and its regions?
NSW
Gundagai
Hilltops
Tumbarumba
Canberra district
38
Name the regions of Central Western Australia, Eastern Plains, Inland and North
Greater Perth
Peel
Perth Hills
Swan District
39
Name the regions of South West Australia Zone
Geographe
Margaret River
Blackwood Valley (inland bold Shiraz and Cabs)
Pemberton (famous for Chardonnay)
Manjimup (coolo climate signature grape was Pinot Noir but Cab, Merlot and Verdelho more promising)
40
Where is Barossa and Eden Valley?
South Australia
41
Where is Far North Zone?
SA
42
Which are the region of Far North?
Southern Flinders Ranges
43
Which are the regions of Fleurie Zone?
Currency Creek
Mc Laren Vale
Kangaroo Island
Southern Fleurie
Langhorn Creek
44
Where is Lower Murray and its regions?
SA
Riverland
45
Where is Limestone Coast and its regions?
SA
Coonawara
Mount Benson
Mount Gambier
Padthaway
Wrattonbully
Robe
46
Where is Mount Lofty Ranges and its regions?
Adelaide Hills (Picadilly/Lenswood)
Adelaide Plains
Clare Valley
47
Where is Queensland and its regions?
SA
Granite Belt
South Burnett
48
Name the regions/districts of Tasmania
North: Tamar Valley and Pipers River
South: Cole River Valley, Derwent Valley and Huon Valley
49
What are the regions of Greater Perth?
Swan District
Perth Hills
Peel
50
What is the subzone of Swan District region?
Swan Valley (oldest wine region in Western Australia, and the second oldest wine region in Australia, affected by Fremantle Doctor)
Famous for Chenin Blanc (most planted)
Verdelho (Jancis Rob says its the best in the world)
Grenache and Shiraz
Fortified wines in a range of styles and grapes
51
Where is Great Southern?
South West Australia, Western Australia
52
What are the subzones of the Great Southern region?
Albany (known for its Riesling, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc and (in certain locations) Pinot Noir. Riesling has been a staple white wine specialty of the area, with the production of sparkling Chardonnay gaining popularity in more recent year along with Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz)
Denmark (Denmark is considerably cooler than other Western Australian wine regions and is known for Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir and Shiraz)
Frankland River (more inland ifluenced by Albany Doctor, Riesling standing out from the more diesel–kerosene notes, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz.
Mount Barker (continental climate with vineyards on Mt Barker 150-300m, gravelly loam soils with granite called 'Morri' Riesling, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir along with Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz)
Porongurup (high elevations 300m with Riesling, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir)
53
What are the 5 zones of Western Australia?
Central Western Australia
Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia
Greater Perth
South West Australia
West Australia
South East Coast
54
What are the 6 zones of Victoria?
Central Victoria
Gippsland
North East Victoria
North West Victoria
Port Phillip
Western Victoria
55
What are the 8 zones of New South Wales?
Big Rivers
Central Ranges
Hunter Valley
North Rivers
Northern Slopes
South Coast
Southern New South Wales
Western Plains
56
What is the subregion of Eden Valley?
High Eden
57
Which is was the first commercial winery in Barossa, who planted it and when?
In 1847 Bavarian immigrant Johann Gramp planted a vineyard along the banks of Jacob’s Creek in Rowland Flat, establishing Orlando Wines, the region’s first commercial winery and the company behind the modern “Jacob’s Creek” brand.
58
Which is the oldest plot of Cabernet Sauvignon?
Australia’s oldest plot of Cabernet Sauvignon vines, Penfolds’ “Block 42,” lies in Kalimna in the northern Barossa Valley and dates to 1888
59
Name the 4 age categories of Barossa Old Vine Charter
The charter, based on a model developed internally by Yalumba, introduced four age categories for vines: Old (at least 35 years of age), Survivor (at least 70 years of age), Centenarian (at least 100 years old), and Ancestor (at least 125 years old).
60
Barossa's climate and soils?
The hot, flat Barossa Valley floor has deep, loamy clay soils and a plentiful reserve of underground water to accommodate irrigation during the region’s dry summers.
61
Name the most famous producer for fortified wines in Barossa and its top wine
Seppeltsfield, whose world-class “100 Year Old Para Liqueur” is a national treasure
62
Name some top wines from Barossa
Elderton’s “the Command,” and Torbreck’s “RunRig” and “The Laird”
63
Name some top producers for sparkling Shiraz
Rockford and Peter Rumball (who sources fruit from Coonawarra) are reputable sources.
64
Name a top Semillon from Barossa
Peter Lehmann’s “Margaret,” sourced from a 1929 Semillon vineyard, is a top example in the category.
65
Name some top producers from Barossa Valley
Rockford
Two Hands
Glaetzer
Torbreck
Wolf Blass
Elderton
Standish
Chris Ringland
66
Which was the first winery in Eden Valley?
In 1847—the same year that Johann Gramp planted his vineyard at Jacob’s Creek—an Englishman named Joseph Gilbert planted his Pewsey Vale vineyard in the windswept Barossa Ranges east of the Barossa Valley, and winemaking arrived in Eden Valley.
67
Eden Valley's topography, soils and grapes?
Eden Valley is cooler, higher in elevation (400-600 meters above sea level) and more sparsely planted
A thin layer of red clay colors the hills of Eden, and granite outcrops are everywhere
Eden Riesling sits among the country’s most thrilling efforts with the grape; it is classically dry, sharply acidic, and dripping with lime flavor.
Generally, the best examples of Riesling (and other white grapes) are produced in the cooler southern sectors of the GI, while the better Shiraz vineyards, like Henschke’s Hill of Grace and the 100-year-old Mt. Edelstone, tend to be further north.
68
Where is High Eden?
At over 500 meters above sea level, the most elevated and southernmost point in Eden Valley is the sub-region of High Eden GI, an area first championed in the 1970s by Mountadam, one of Australia’s pioneering producers of Chardonnay.
69
Which is the top vineyard of Eden Valley?
The valley’s most famous Shiraz vineyard—Henschke’s eight-hectare Hill of Grace, planted in 1860—is the source of Australia’s top single vineyard wine
70
Which are the main grapes of Mc Laren Vale?
Shiraz followed by Cabernet Sauvignon and Grenache
Chardonnay is currently the most planted white variety while other Rhône and Southern Italian white grapes, such as Roussanne and Fiano, are more promising.
(tasters frequently ascribe iron notes to the wines of McLaren Vale—perhaps pointing underfoot, to the ironstone, or red sandstone, common in some areas of the appellation. )
71
Which is the sustainable body of Mc Laren Vale?
Scarce Earth allows members of McLaren Vale Sustainable Winegrowing Australia (MVSWGA) to submit Shiraz wines from single sites to an annual tasting panel for possible approval as “Scarce Earth” wines. In 2011, two-dozen wines from key producers like d’Arenberg, Chapel Hill, and Gemtree were selected, and collectively released on the 1st of May the year after the harvest. To be considered, wines must be produced from vines that are at least ten years of age, and the wines may not be excessively shaded by oak, faults, over- or under-ripeness—fairly fluid decrees determined by taste profile rather than clear numerical guidelines.
72
Which is the coolest area of Mc Laren Vale?
Shiraz from the coolest and most northeastern area, Clarendon, may be harvested a month after wines sourced from the heavier, richer soils of the valley floor west of the town of Willunga.
73
Name the top sites for Grenache in Mc Laren Vale?
Grenache performs particularly well in the sandier areas of Blewitt Springs and Kangarilla, and is especially drought-resistant.
74
Name some top producers from Mc Laren Vale
Chapel Hill, Clarendon Hills, d'Arenberg, Pirramimma, Rosemount Estate, Wirra Wirra, Kay Bros. Amery, Mitolo, Yangarra, Hickinbotham
75
Which is the second most important region of Fleurie and its top producers and its main grapes?
Langhorne Creek GI
Metala, the region’s longest-running producer, established their vineyards in 1890. The brand persists to this day, albeit under the Treasury Wine Estates umbrella. Wolf Blass arrived in 1967; Orlando Wines followed in 1995. Langhorne Creek is now a principal source for the latter’s “Jacob’s Creek” brand, and flat region is more associated with large-scale, machine-harvested operations than smaller, more premium wineries.
Red Grapes (81%): Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot
White Grapes (19%): Chardonnay, Riesling
76
Currency Creek's main grapes?
Shiraz; Cabernet Sauvignon reflects nearly as much with Chardonnay trailing just behind
77
Southern Fleurie's main grapes?
Shiraz accounts for one-third of its vines; Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc are the region’s second- and third-most important varieties.
78
Clare Valley's main grapes?
from steely Riesling to bold examples of Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon
79
Clare Valley's topography and soils?
the northernmost GI of Mt Lofty Ranges Zone
Elevation (400-600 meters)
Spring frosts can be a danger, particularly in the cooler eastern and southern areas like Polish Hill River, Watervale, and Auburn
80
Style of Clare Valley's Rieslings?
Clare Valley Riesling tends to be extremely dry, with nearly excruciating acidity. Lime, flowers, and taut stone fruit flavors characterize the wines, which often finish in the neighborhood of 12.5-13% abv.
Clare Riesling producers almost unanimously bottle under the closure, emphasizing reductive flavors in the wine's youth while gaining desirable toasty, honeyed notes through slow aging in bottle. The better examples of Riesling tend to emerge from the areas of Watervale and Polish Hill. The latter area, which lends its name to Grosset's top bottling, lies atop blue slate bedrock not dissimilar from the Devonian blue slate of the Mosel Valley in Germany.
81
Name some top producers and bottlings of Clare Valley
Grosset
Petaluma
Wendouree (Cab and Malbec blends) and Jim Barry (Armagh) for the reds
82
Adelaide Hills grape varieties?
White Grapes (63%): Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris
Red Grapes (37%): Pinot Noir, Merlot
83
Name some top producers from Adelaide Hills
Petaluma, Shaw + Smith, the Lane, Ashton Hills, BK Wines
84
Adelaide Hills topography?
At 727 meters above sea level, Mt. Lofty itself is one of the highest elevation spots in the appellation, as well as one of South Australia’s wettest points. Despite its location between Barossa and McLaren Vale, the appellation is surprisingly cool and nearly 70% of plantings are white grapes
85
Name the first commercial vineyard of Adelaide Hills
Chardonnay is dominant in the central sub-region of Piccadilly Valley GI, where Petaluma planted the Adelaide Hills’ first modern commercial vineyard in 1976.
86
Lenswood GI is famous for?
Sauvignon Blanc, the GI’s most planted variety, takes center stage in the Lenswood GI sub-region, where it produces a softer, less aromatic and pungent style than one finds in New Zealand.
87
Adelaide's reds are made from?
Pinot Noir and Shiraz are the top red varieties in “the Hills.” The region’s winemakers craft slightly riper styles of Pinot Noir than their counterparts in the Yarra Valley
88
Adelaide Hills and Plains climate?
The Adelaide Plains GI, north of the city itself, could not be less similar to the Hills: the Adelaide Hills is the coolest and rainiest region within the entire Adelaide Super Zone, whereas the Adelaide Plains is the warmest, and nearly its driest.
(Penfolds’ historic Magill Estate, where Max Schubert’s first experiments with "Grange" have since passed into the realm of legend, lies just a few miles outside of its borders. Adelaide’s suburban sprawl now completely encircles the once-rural “spiritual home of Grange,” and the small estate, with its five remaining hectares of Shiraz vineyards, is a showpiece for the company today).
89
Name some top producers from Coonawarra
Wynns (John RIddoch Cab)
Yalumba
Penfolds
Katnook Estate
90
Name the grapes of Padthaway and some top producers
Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, and Chardonnay showing success. One in three vines in the region is Shiraz.
Several of Australia’s largest houses have set up shop in the area, including Seppelt (who planted Padthaway’s first vineyard in 1964), Lindemans, Hardys, Wynns, and Orlando Wines.
91
Wrattonbully's main grapes?
Wrattonbully is overwhelmingly a red wine-focused region, with Cabernet Sauvignon as its top variety.
Wrattonbully Cabernet Sauvignon is likewise similar in style to that of Coonawarra, showing relatively soft tannins and ripe red fruits.
92
Name the zones of Mount Gambier and its grapes
Pinot Noir and Sauvignon Blanc are currently the most planted varieties in its cooler maritime climate.
The zone’s two other regions, Mount Benson GI and Robe GI,Shiraz leads in both GIs, with Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc, and Chardonnay rounding out the list of top varieties.
93
Which zone is the largest in terms of production and the largest wineries?
Riverland GI is Australia’s leader in production.
Berri, Oxford Landing, and Banrock Station—have massive vineyards in the region, and the second-largest family-owned winery in Australia, Kingston Estate, is based here.
Chardonnay and Shiraz most planted
Riverland is also home to the largest single planting of Petit Verdot in Australia, a nearly 100-hectare plot farmed by Kingston Estate
94
Pokolbin and Broke Fordwich are both located within?
Lower Hunter Valley
95
Name the six sub-regions of Lower Hunter
Pokolbin, Broke Fordwich, Allandale, Belford, Dalwood, and Rothbury
96
Hunter Valley climate?
The Hunter Valley endures one of the warmest and wettest climates among Australia’s winegrowing regions. It is sub-tropical and humid, and the Lower Hunter averages over 20 inches of rain during the growing season.
97
Which was the first bottling of Chardonnay from Hunter?
Tyrrell’s in Hunter Valley takes credit for the country’s first varietal bottling of Chardonnay, the 1971 “Vat 47 Pinot Chardonnay.
98
Name some top producers of Hunter Valley
Tyrell's
Mt Pleasant
Lakes Folly
Brokenwood
Andrew Thomas Wines
Audrey Wilkinson
99
Mudgee's grape varieties?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, and Merlot
( Craigmoor—the first winery established in Mudgee, in 1858—cultivated Chardonnay for half a century prior to Tyrrell’s first release)
100
Orange's topography, climate, soils and grapes?
The Central Ranges’ youngest, coolest, and potentially most exciting region. It is also one of the highest regions in the entire country overall: Orange GI begins at the 600-meter line of elevation, and its vineyards rise up the slopes of NSW’s central highlands, past the 1000-meter mark. The highest point in the appellation is Mount Canobolas, an extinct volcano and the source of the region’s richest, basalt-derived soils.
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Shiraz, and Chardonnay are the region’s most popular grapes, but Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir look increasingly promising in Orange’s cool mountain climate.
101
Cowra's climate and grapes?
the southernmost and warmest region in the zone—an indication of its lower elevation rather than its higher latitude—is best known for soft, generous styles of Chardonnay.
102
Shoalhaven Coast is mostly famous for?
The region is best known for wines produced from Chambourcin—a red French hybrid.
103
Which is the main grape of Southern Highlands?
Tempranillo
104
Which is the largest familly owned winery of Australia?
Casella WInes in Riverina
105
Riverina main grapes?
Riverina GI remains the production leader here and in the entire state, and Chardonnay is its most planted grape, followed by Shiraz and Semillon.
the region can produce tiny quantities of high-end botrytis-affected dessert wines.
106
Canberra District style of wines and grapes?
Elegant styles of Shiraz, high-quality dry Riesling, and increasingly good examples of Bordeaux blends and Pinot Noir are being produced. One emergent producer, Lark Hill, has even planted Australia’s first Grüner Veltliner vineyard, and is achieving some critical success with the grape.
Shiraz-Viognier blends like Cote Rotie as well
107
Hilltops produces mainly?
Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz have emerged as primary grapes, and red grapes account for approximately 80% of the total vineyard acreage.
108
Tumbarumba produces?
Sparkling wines. In 2012, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir accounted for almost 90% of the total grape harvest in the GI
109
Which was the first winery in Yarra Valley?
Yara Yering in 1838
110
Name a Champagne house in Yarra Valley
Moet et Chandon
111
Name some top producers of Yarra Valley
Yering Station
Oakridge wines
Yarra Yering
Giant Steps
Mount Mary
Seville Estate
Wantirna Estate
112
Yarra Valley's grape varieties?
Pinot Noir is the region’s most planted variety, with Chardonnay coming in a close second. Together, the two grapes account for nearly 75% of Yarra Valley’s total acreage. Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon, the valley’s second- and third-most planted red grapes, produce lighter and more elegant styles in Yarra’s cool climate. Shiraz—often labeled “Syrah” to tweak consumer expectations—is often attractively peppery, floral, and red-fruited.
113
Which are the two sectors of Yarra Valley?
The warmer Lower Yarra Valley in the north, with its ancient sandy loam soils, and the cooler, higher-elevation Upper Yarra Valley in the south, where the soil is composed of younger red basalt.
( Pinot Noir from the Upper Yarra Valley tends to be more defined and mineral, whereas those from the valley floor in the Lower Yarra are often plumper and less aromatic).
114
Mornington Peninsula's grape varieties?
Pinot Noir—which accounts for almost half of the GI’s planted vineyards and about 85% of its red grape acreage—as well as good examples of Chardonnay and Pinot Gris
115
Which area in Mornington Peninsula produces the best wines?
Red Hill in the the western tip with cooler temperatures and red basalt soils
116
Name some top producers from Mornington Peninsula
Kooyong
Yabby Lake
Ocean Eight
Ten Minutes by Tractor
Moorooduc Estate
117
Which is Geelong's flagship grape?
Pinot Noir
118
Name Geelong's 3 unofficial subzones
Surf Coast/Otways
Bellarine
Moorabool Valley
119
Name some top producers from Geelong
By Farr
Bannockburn
120
Which region is the coolest has the highest altitudes in Port Phillip Zone?
Macedon Ranges (400-600m)
121
Macedon Ranges and Sunbury's grape varieties?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and Shiraz are the most common varieties, and both still and sparkling wines are produced
122
Name the top producer of Macedon Ranges
Bindi Wine Growers
123
Heathcote and Bendigo's main grapes?
Highly regarded for the quality of its full-bodied, densely flavored Shiraz
124
Name a top producer from Heathcote
Jasper Hill
125
Goulburn Valley's main grape?
full bodied and bold Shiraz
126
Name a GI of Goulburn and a top producer
Tahbilk also counts some of the world’s oldest Marsanne vines (planted in 1927) and a half-hectare of Tahbilk’s original, ungrafted vineyard of Shiraz
the southern sub-region of Nagambie Lakes GI
127
Strathbogie Ranges GI and Upper Goulburn GI produce?
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir due to high elevations
128
Which grape is used for Rutherglen Muscat?
Brown Muscat (Muscat de Frontignan, or Muscat Rouge à Petit Grains)
129
Rutherglen is fortified with?
a neutral 96° grape spirit, added—as in Port—in a one-to-four ratio.
130
Rutherglen matures in?
The wine matures for years, even decades, in various formats of old wood: 225-liter barriques, 300-liter hogsheads, and occasionally 500-liter puncheons and even larger oval casks, depending on the producer and the wine. As the wines mature in cask, evaporation sends a share to the angels, resulting in a net loss of around 5% per year and a greater concentration of sugar, acid, and alcohol in the remaining wine. Some producers use a solera system; others tend to keep lots and vintages separate, preferring to assemble blends just prior to bottling.
131
Name the 8 producers of Rutherglen
All Saints, Morris, Campbells, Chambers, Stanton & Killeen, Rutherglen Estates, Buller, and Pfeiffer
132
What is Topaque or Tokay?
A designation phased out through agreement with the EU—Topaque is a fortified wine made with Muscadelle grapes.
The final wines are lighter in color than Muscat, as they are produced from white rather than red grapes, and typically exhibit 30-40 g/l less residual sugar than Muscat wines in the same category.
133
Wine Classifications of Rutherglen?
Rutherglen Muscat – described as the foundation of the style. Average age 3–5 years.
Residual sweetness 180–240 g/L.
* Classic Rutherglen Muscat – displays a greater level of concentration, complexity and
tertiary flavours. Average age 6–10 years. Residual sweetness 200–280 g/L.
* Grand Rutherglen Muscat – displays even greater concentration and complexity
from blending both young and very mature wines. Average age 11–19 years. Residual
sweetness 270–400 g/L.
* Rare Rutherglen Muscat – these wines are bottled in tiny volumes and represent the
pinnacle of Rutherglen Muscat. Minimum average age 20 years – but wines in the blend
can often be much older. Residual sweetness 270–400 g/L.
134
King Valley produces mainly?
sparkling wines from Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
particularly in Wangaratta (King Valley’s northernmost point)
135
Glenrowan produces mainly?
similar styles of dry reds and fortified wines as Rutherglen
Shiraz and Durif mainly
136
Which are Victoria’s warmest wine regions?
Murray Darling GI and Swan Hill GI, are located in the North West Victoria zone, and they are shared with New South Wales.
137
Gippsland is famous for which grape and name some of its top producers
Pinot Noir
Bass Phillip, Caledonia Australis
138
Which is the single -region of Grampians?
Great Western GI
139
Great Western GI had a reputation for?
Sparkling wines and the first traditional method sparkling was made there.
140
Grampians produces mainly?
80% reds from Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon
Some Pinot Noir and Riesling in terms of whites are also produced
141
Name some top producers from Grampians
Best's Wines, Grampians Estate, Seppelt Great Western
142
Pyrenees produces mainly?
Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon fuller and richer than Grampians
143
Henty GI produces mainly?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Riesling and sparkling wines due to its cool climate
144
Who is the biggest producer of Henty?
Seppelt
145
Name the sub-region of Swan DIstrict GI
Swan Valley
146
Margaret River's grape varieties?
Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon-Semillon blends
147
Name the six unofficial sub-zones of Margaret River
Yallingup (northernmost tip close to the coast)
Wilyabrup (heart of the appellation and home to leading producers, Mosswood, Vasse Felix and Cullen)
Wallcliffe (top Chardonnays referred as the Golden Triangle and comprises Leeuwin Estate, Cape Mentelle, and Voyager Estate)
Karridale (southermost and coolest, region’s best Sauvignon Blanc)
Carbunup
Treeton
148
Name the top producers of Margaret River
Vasse Felix (first commercial winery since 1947 by Tom Cullity, produced the first wine in 1971, a Riesling)
Cullen
Moss Wood
Leeuwin Estate
Cape Mentelle
Voyager Estate
149
Geographe produces mainly?
reds from Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon with some Sauvignon-Semillon blends
150
Who is the top producer of Geographe?
Capel Vale
151
Albany and Denmark produce mainly?
Pinot Noir and Chardonnay due to their cool Antarctic climate
152
Where is Blackwood Valley, Pemberton and Manjimup GIs?
Western Australia
153
Name the grape varieties of Tasmania
Overall, white grapes—Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Gris, and Riesling—outnumber red plantings by a slim margin, but Pinot Noir is still by far the most planted variety.
154
Name the top producers of Tasmania
Northern Tasmania: Pipers Brook Vineyard, Tamar Ridge, Jansz (owned by Yalumba), Bay of Fires/House of Arras, Rosevears Estate
Southern Tasmania: Domaine A, Elsewhere Vineyard, Stefano Lubiana
155
Verdelho is gaining success where?
South Burnett and Granite Belt
(also Swan Valley sub-zone)
156
Which states are at least partially included in the Southeast Australia Multistate Zone?
NSA
SA
Queensland
Victoria
Tasmania
157
Chaptalisation is illegal in Australia?
True
158
What is the most important classification of Australia's wines?
Langton's classification
159
What type of oak barrel was most commonly used in Australia until recent times?
300lt American hogshead
160
How many wines were classified as "Exceptional" in the Langton's Classification of Australian Wine VII?
22
161
Blackwood Valley is located in?
Western Australia, South West Australia Zone
162
Where is the Para River?
Barossa Valley
163
Penley Estate, Wynn's, and Parker are top producers in what region?
Coonawara
164
What body of water is directly west of McLaren Vale GI?
Gukf St Vincent
165
The King and Alpine Valleys are located in which zone of Victoria?
Northeast Victoria
166
Which Australian states have been affected by phylloxera?
Victoria
NSW
167
RDI is most likely to be utilized in which of the following regions?
Riverland
168
Who planted the first vines in Australia?
Captain Arthur Philip
169
Who made Australia's first wine?
Gregory Blaxland
170
What Is seen as the most challenging cool vintage for South Australian reds between 2007 and 2011?
2011
171
Grape varieties used for Seppeltsfield
Shiraz and Mataro
172
Who is the largest sparkling wine producer in Tasmania?
Jansz
173
Yalumba established in?
1840s
174
Torbreck established in?
1990s
175
Henschke established in?
1860s
176
Leeuwin Estate established in?
1970s
177
Wyndham's Estate established in?
1820s
178
John Riddoch was a pioneering figure in the early history of what winegrowing region?
Coonawara
179
Where is Mollydooker winery and its top wine?
McLaren Vale
Velvet Glove
180
Where is John Duval located?
Barossa
Eligo Shiraz
181
Denis Horgan
182
Andrew Pirie
183
Chester Osborne
184
Bendigo, Heathcote and Upper Goulburn are all located within what zone?
Central Victoria
185
Wilyabrup, Yallingup, and Karridale are all informal sub-regions found in what GI?
Margaret River
186
In what GI are you most likely to find the group of producers collectively known as "The First Five?
Margaret River
187
Who produces Quintet?
Mount Mary in Yarra Valley
red bordeaux blend cab dominant
188
Graveyard Vineyard Shiraz is produced from?
Brokenwood in Hunter Valley
