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Portugal Flashcards

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1
Q

Which are the IGPs of Portugal?

A

There are fourteen IGPs in Portugal: Minho, Transmontano, Duriense, Terras do Dão, Terras de Cister, Terras da Beira, Beira Atlântico, Tejo, Lisboa, Alentejano, Península de Setúbal, Algarve, Terras Madeirenses, and Açores

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2
Q

Portuguese Wine Classifications?

A

Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP) or Indicação Geogràfica Protegida (IGP). DOP is the superior classification and it includes all Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC) wines. There are currently 31 DOPs.
The lower, or less stringent, tier of quality wines in Portugal is the Indicação Geogràfica (IG), or wines with “geographical indication”. These wines are considered IGP for the purposes of EU protection, or Vinhos Regional (VR) if traditionally labeled within Portugal. All wines in this category must include a minimum 85% of grapes grown in the stated region.

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3
Q

If produced as vintage-dated DOP or IGP, Portuguese table wines may be labeled as?

A

garrafeira

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4
Q

Tinto (red) garrafeira wines must age for ?
Branco (white) and rosado garrafeira wines must age for?
For traditional method sparkling wines, reserva instead indicates a minimum period of?
Colheita Seleccionada indicates a minimum?

A

30 months, including at least 12 months in bottle
12 months with at least 6 in bottle
12 months on the lees prior to dégorgement
1% higher alcohol content than that established by the regional appellation

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5
Q

Which was the most planted red grape variety of Portugal until recently and its synonym?

A

Castelão
“Periquita” moniker

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6
Q

Touriga Nacional synonyms?

A

Bical Tinto and Mortágua Preto

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7
Q

Which is the most planted white grape in Portugal and its synonym?

A

Fernão Pires, known as Maria Gomes in Bairrada, is the most planted white casta in the country

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8
Q

Arinto, one of Portugal’s oldest indigenous varieties, produces lively, mineral-tinged whites and is grown throughout the country, although its most striking examples issue from the coastal regions?

A

Bucelas

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9
Q

Sercial synonym?

A

Esgana Cão—the “dog strangler”

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10
Q

Vinho Verde DOP traditional training method?

A

Traditionally, vines in the region have been trained high off the ground in a system called enforcado

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11
Q

Which is the largest DOP of Portugal?

A

Vinho Verde and represents 15% of the nation’s total vineyard acreage, producing red, white, and rosado wines

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12
Q

Vinho Verde’s soils?

A

granite

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13
Q

Vinho Verde’s grapes?

A

Loureiro is the region’s most heavily planted white grape and the primary component of traditional Vinho Verde blends. Other white grapes include Trajadura (Treixadura), Avesso, Pedernã (Arinto), and the Spanish Albariño. Known as Alvarinho in Portugal.
Red and rosado wines, produced from grapes like Vinhão, Espadeiro, Borraçal, and Alvarelhão

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14
Q

Name the subzones of Vinho Verde

A

Monção e Melgaço, Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião, Paiva

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15
Q

Which is the DOP of Trasmontano?

A

Trás-os-Montes DOP

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16
Q

Name the subregions of Trás-os-Montes DOP

A

Chaves, Valpaços, and Planalto Mirandés

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17
Q

Name the grape varieties of Trás-os-Montes DOP

A

Touriga Nacional, Tinta Roriz, Bastardo (Trousseau), Touriga Francesa and Trincadeira. Fernão Pires, Síria, Viosinho, Gouveio, Malvasia Fina and Rabigato are the most planted white grapes

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18
Q

Name the IGP and DOPs of Douro

A

Duriense IGP
It includes the DOPs of Douro and Porto

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19
Q

Name the subzones of Douro

A

Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior

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20
Q

Name the mountain range of Douro

A

Serra du Marão

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21
Q

Soils of DOuro?

A

schist and granite

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22
Q

Port production accounts for?

A

50% of production

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23
Q

Douro table wines may be?

A

red, white, or rosado

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24
Q

Name the grape varieties of Douro

A

Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Cão, and Tinta Barroca
White varieties include Malvasia Fina, Viosinho, Rabigato, and Gouveio
Moscatel Galego

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25
In the Douro, reserva wines must achieve a minimum alcohol of White reserva wines must be aged for
11.5% or 12% for white and rosado wines or red wines, respectively, instead of the standard minimum 10.5% (white/rosado) or 11% (red) for the appellation six months; red reserva wines must be aged for one year
26
Regulatory body of Douro?
The IVDP must certify all Douro wines
27
all Port wines were required by law to be aged and shipped from Vila Nova de Gaia until?
1986
28
Barca Velha was launched?
1952 Casa Ferreirinha, a house now under the ownership of Sogrape Fernando Nicolau de Almeida, who worked at the time as a winemaker at Ferreira Port Tinta Roriz blend
29
Phylloxera hit Portugal in?
1867
30
Who was the monarch of Portugal and when?
The 40-year rule of prime minister Antonio de Oliviera Salazar, from 1932, also did little to promote quality wine production
31
Two incredibly successful brands were launched in the 1950s and 60s?
Mateus Rosé in 1942 and Lancers Rosé in 1944
32
Portugal entered the EU when?
1986
33
Terras do Dão IGP encompasses which DOPs?
Dão DOP and Lafões DOP
34
Bairrada DOP is located within?
Beira Atlantico
35
Name Beira Atlântico's subzone
Terras do Sicó
36
Távora-Varosa DOP is famous for?
sparkling wines
37
Name the subzones of Dão
Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Serra da Estrela, Silgueiros, Terras da Azurara, Terras de Senhorím
38
Dão's soils?
granite
39
a larger appellation near the Spanish border, within the Terras da Beira IGP is called?
Beira Interior DOP
40
Beira Interior contains three subzones?
Beira Castelo Rodrigo, Cova da Beira, and Pinhel
41
Name the grape varieties of Dao
Dão wines may be red, white, rosado or espumante Touriga Nacional, Jaen, Touriga Franca, Alfrocheiro, Aragonez, Bastardo, Rufete, Trincadeira, and Tinta Cão. Recommended white grapes include (but are not limited to) Encruzado, Bical, and Cercial
42
Dão producers may label their wines as garrafeira according to the standard aging regimen, but the minimum abv is increased to?
11.5% (from 11%).
43
Red wines may be labeled as reserva with ? whites must be aged for? Red nobre wines must contain a minimum of? Red nobre wines must undergo a minimum? White nobre wines must contain a minimum?
two years ageing six months only 15% Touriga Nacional and at most 85% of combined Jaen, Rufete, Alfrocheiro, and Aragonez. three years aging prior to release and contain a minimum 13% alcohol 15% Encruzado and a maximum 85% of Cercial, Bical, Malvasia Fina, and Verdelho. They undergo one year of aging prior to release and must contain a minimum 12% alcohol With additional aging and an extra half-degree of minimum alcohol, nobre wines may also be labeled as reserva or garrafeira. Nobre reserva reds are aged for 42 months; white nobre reserva wines are aged for one year. Red nobre garrafeira wines require 48 months aging, including 18 months in the bottle, whereas white nobre garrafeira wines require 18 months total aging, with nine in the bottle.
44
Bairrada predominantly produces?
red wines, although white and rosado wines are authorized The late-ripening, notoriously astringent Baga, the main red grape of the region, thrives in the barros (clay) soils, whereas white grapes, including Maria Gomes and Arinto, are usually planted in sandier soils Red wines are typically blends, featuring a min of 50% Baga along with grapes such as the native Touriga Nacional, Camarate, Castelão, Jaen, and Alfrocheiro
45
to label their wines as Bairrada Clássico?
a minimum 12.5% abv in the case of Tinto or 12% abs for Branco, rather than the 11% required by the DOP
46
Name an unofficial subregion of Bairrada
In Cantanhede, an unofficial subregion in the warmer south, limestone-clay soils have attracted particularly intensive planting of Baga vineyards
47
Brandies are produced in?
Bairrada
48
Name the nine DOPs of Lisboa
Bucelas, Colares, Carcavelos, Arruda, Torres Vedras, Alenquer, Óbidos, Lourinhã, and Encostas d'Aire
49
Tinta Miúda is?
Graciano
50
The three DOPs nearest the capital Lisboa?
Bucelas, Colares, and Carcavelos
50
Lourinhã DOP produces mainly?
brandy mainly by Adega Cooperative Lourinhã
51
Bucelas produces?
dry white wines from a minimum 75% Arinto with the other 25% being Rabo de Ovelha and Sercial
52
Colares DOP is famous for?
pre-phylloxera ungrafted vines of Ramisco min 80%
53
The soils of Colares are called?
chao de areia (clay and sand) second type of soil is called chao rija and produces a red wine with a min of 80% Castelao (periquita)
54
Reds in Colares are matured min?
18 months in wood and 3 months bottle
55
Whites in Colares are matured min?
6 months in wood and 3 bottle with 80% Malvasia grapes
56
Carcavelos DOP is famous for?
sweet white fortified wines with a nutty/almond bouquet from Arinto, Galego Dourado and Ratinho fortified and sweetened with vinho abafado which arrest fermentation at 18% abv with 100/130grams per ltr sugar aged in barrel for at least two years, followed by at least six months in bottle reds from Castelao and Trincadera also produced
57
How many hectares is Carcavelos
25ha
58
Both Tejo and Alentejano derive their names from?
Tagus, or Tejo, River
59
Which is the DOP of Tejo?
DoTejo DOP (formerly Ribatejo)
60
DoTejo DOP subzones?
Coruche, Chamusca, Cartaxo, Santarém, Tomar, and Almeirim
61
Tejo's grape varieties?
Castelão and Fernão Pires are the dominant red and white grapes; white wines outnumber reds
62
The Alentejo DOP within Alentejano includes eight subzones
Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Évora, Vidigueira, Reguengos, Redondo, Borba, and Portalegre—the latter, located on the cooler, granitic slopes of the São Mamede Mountains in the northernmost sector of the DOP, is the most promising area in the region
63
Alentejo grapes?
Red wine production in Alentejo exceeds that of whites, and Trincadeira is the region’s most prominent grape. Plantations of Quercus suber—cork trees—are widespread through the region Blends of Aragonez, Castelao and Trincadera whites include Antao Vaz, Arinto and Fernao Pires
64
the southernmost IGP on the Portuguese mainland is?
Algarve
65
Name the four DOPs of Algarve
Lagos, Lagoa, Portimão, and Tavira—each dominated by a co-operative
66
Grapes of Algarve?
Traditional grape varieties in the region include Castelão and Tinta Negra Mole for red wines, and Arinto and Síria for white wines
67
The Península de Setúbal IGP includes the DOP zones of?
Setúbal and Palmela
68
Main grape variety of Palmela DOP?
Castelão, the region’s premier grape and dominant component of Palmela reds—a minimum 66.7% is stipulated. White wines are typically blended with a high proportion of Fernão Pires and Arinto. Rosado, espumante and licoroso wines are also authorized
69
Setúbal is famous for?
The vinhos licorosos Sweet white and red fortified wines are produced, from a minimum 67% Moscatel de Setúbal (Muscat d’Alexandria) or Moscatel Roxo, respectively. In keeping with EU regulations, the wine may be labeled by variety if either grape comprises a minimum 85% of the blend. The wines have a particularly pungent, floral fragrance, developed through a lengthy maceration on Muscat skins—for up to six months—following the fermentation and fortification. The wines develop a tawny, burnt orange color and raisin spice character while maturing in large wooden casks for up to five years prior to release. Some examples age for upwards of 20 years, unfolding mature molasses and caramel tones while darkening in color 16-22% alc
70
Name the largest producer in Setubal
J.M. da Fonseca is the appellation’s largest and most storied producer; in the company’s cellars are stocks of wine dating to the 19th century
71
Arrabida Mountains are located in?
Palmela DOP
72
Three of the nine islands in Acores has DOP
Pico, Graciosa, and Terceira
73
Which is the fortified white wine produced in Acores?
The fortified white wines of Pico DOP are the most highly regarded wines of the archipelago At least 80% combined Verdelho, Arinto dos Açores, Terrantez do Pico wines must achieve a minimum 16% abv after fortification, and are aged for a minimum two years in barrel
74
Soils of Acores?
volcanic
75
What is Arnsburger?
A Riesling crossing developed at Geisenheim crossing two clones of Riesling, clone 88 and clone 64
76
What is Vinho de Talha?
skin contact wines (orange) made in talhas (amphoras) in Alentejo since Roman times
77
Name some top producers from Bairrada
Filipa Pato % William Wouter Quinta das Bágeiras
78
Name some top producers from Dao
Vinha Paz and Quinta da Pellada
79
Moscatel de Sétubal is made in both red and white styles?
True
80
What is Dorna?
A wooden vat used for fermentation
81
Which region is phylloxera-free?
Colares
82
What is the major red grape of Alentejo?
Trincadeira
83
What species of oak tree is primarily used for cork production?
Quercus suber
84
Madeira was first colonized by the Portuguese in the early part of what century?
15th
85
Bairrada DOP is located in what IGP?
Beira Atlantico
86
What is the minimum lees aging requirement for Vinho Espumante wines from Trás-os-Montes labeled Reserva Velha or Grande Reserva?
36 months
87
Which of these recent vintages was generally regarded as the best for Douro reds?
2011
88
What is the actual minimum alcohol level for Vinho Verde?
8%
89
Sercial and Cercial are two spellings of the same grape variety also known as Esgana Cão.
False
90
Which grape is NOT associated with the production of Vinho Verde Tinto?
Jaen
91
Batuta is wine produced by?
Niepoort red blend with Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz, Rufete etc
92
Chryseia is a wine produced from?
Prats & Symington a red blend of 70% Touriga National and 30% Touriga Franca Franca from Quinta de Roriz
93
Assobio is wine produced from?
Herdade do Esporao red Aragonêz,Trincadeira,Cabernet Sauvignon,Alicante Bouschet in Alentejo
94
Pêra-Manca is wine produced from?
Cartuxa red and white white approx 70% Antao Vaz with 30% Arinto aged in 70% french oak for 1 year red Aragonês and Trincadeira – whose proportions vary followed by 18 months in 300-500 litre French oak barrels from Evora
95
Medieval de Ourém, a specialty of Encostas d'Aire DOP, is an example of what traditional style of wine?
Vinhos Palhete Only two grape varieties are used to produce this wine: Fernão Pires for the white must and Trincadeira for the red must Almost at the end of the fermentations of both musts, the red one (20%), not pressed and with the skins, is poured directly into the wooden barrels where the white must (80%) is fermenting in order to fill up its remaining free capacity and to develop a joint final fermentation of both musts It is a unique nectar with white wine aromas, that change according to the grapes maturity, but also with red wine aromas, usually mulberries, raspberries and strawberries.
96
What is vinho abafado?
partially fermented must preserved with alcohol
97
Selecção and Palhete are special designations for wines in what region?
Beira Atlantico
98
Casa de Santar is a producer from?
Dao
99
Identify the IGP(s) that the Douro river borders or runs through.
Douriense and Beira Atlantico
100
What is the minimum alcohol level for Moscatel de Sétubal?
16%
101
The blending of Syrah with native Portuguese grapes is most common in which region?
Tejo
102
Traditionally, the red wines of Algarve were blends focused on ?, and the white wines were blends based on?
Negra Mole (Tinta Negra) Síria
103
The four DOCs of Algarve?
Portimão, Lagoa, Lagos, and Tavira
104
Portimão DOP styles and grapes?
Tinto: Min. 70% combined Castelão, Negra Mole, and Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela); plus Alicante Bouschet, Aragonez, Bastardo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Monvedro, Syrah, Touriga Nacional Branco: Min. 70% combined Arinto (Pedernã) and Síria (Roupeiro); plus Manteúdo, Moscatel Graúdo, Perrum, Rabo de Ovelha
105
Lagoa DOP styles and grapes?
Tinto: Min. 70% combined Negra Mole and Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela); plus Alicante Bouschet, Aragonez, Bastardo, Castelão, Cabernet Sauvignon, Moreto, Monvedro, Syrah, Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional Branco: Min. 70% combined Arinto (Pedernã) and Síria (Roupeiro); plus Manteúdo, Moscatel Graúdo, Perrum, Rabo de Ovelha, Sauvignon Blanc
106
Lagos DOP styles and grapes?
Tinto: Min. 70% combined Castelão, Negra Mole, and Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela); plus Alicante Bouschet, Aragonez, Bastardo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Monvedro, Touriga Nacional Branco: Min. 70% combined Arinto (Pedernã), Malvasia Fina, and Síria (Roupeiro); plus Manteúdo, Moscatel Graúdo, Perrum
107
Tavira DOP styles and grapes?
Tinto: Min. 70% combined Castelão, Negra Mole and Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela); plus Alicante Bouschet, Aragonez, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Touriga Nacional Branco: Min. 70% combined Arinto (Pedernã) and Síria (Roupeiro); plus Diagalves, Manteúdo, Moscatel Graúdo, Tamarez
108
The Vinho de Talha DOC, a special designation for traditionally made talha wines, under the umbrella of?
Alentejo DOC, was established in 2011 Talhas are clay pots, historically used by both the Phoenicians and the Romans

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