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CP Test 2 > B4-003 CV and Pulmonary Exam > Flashcards

B4-003 CV and Pulmonary Exam Flashcards

(84 cards)

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1
Q

most prominent posterior spinous process

A

C7

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2
Q

respiratory excursion assesses for

A

symmetrical expansion of lungs

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3
Q

vibratory sensation of speaking

A

tactile fremitus

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4
Q

incresed fremitus indicates

A
  • consolidation of lung tissue
  • pneumonia
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5
Q

decreased fremitus indicates

A
  • lung tissue not touching pleura
  • effusion or pneumothorax
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6
Q

bilateral decrease in fremitus indicates

A
  • COPD
  • air trapped
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7
Q

if you’re worried about phrenic nerve injury, where should you percuss?

A

diaphragm

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8
Q

heard best: over most of both lungs

A

vesicular

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9
Q

heard best: 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces anteriorly and between scapula

A

broncho vesicular

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10
Q

heard best: over manubrium

A

bronchial

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11
Q

heard best: over the trachea in neck

A

tracheal

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12
Q

inspiratory sounds last longer than expiratory sounds

A

vesicular

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13
Q

inspiratory and expiratory sounds are almost equal

2

A
  • bronchovesicular
  • tracheal
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14
Q

expiratory sounds last longer than inspiratory sounds

A

bronchial

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15
Q

intermittent, non musical, brief

A

crackles (rales)

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16
Q

sound like velcro

A

fine crackles

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17
Q

thought to be from closed airways popping open in inspiration

A

crackles

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18
Q

crackles may indicate

A
  • pulmonary fibrosis
  • CHF
  • pneumonia
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19
Q

sinusoidal, musical, prolonged

A

wheezes/ronchi

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20
Q

relatively high pitched with hissing or shrill quality

lung sound

A

wheezes

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21
Q

relatively low pitched with snoring quality

lung sound

A

ronchii

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22
Q
  • harsh sounds that diappear after coughing
  • indicate secretions
A

ronchi

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23
Q

heard without a stethoscope, indicates emergency

lung sound

A

stridor

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24
Q

inspiratory stridor indicates

A

supra-glottic obstruction

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25
expiratory stridor suggets
lower tracheal obstruction
26
egophony indicates
* consolidation of lung tissue * pneumonia
27
bronchophony indicates
* consolidation * changes in clarity
28
JVD provides information about
pre load volume
29
feels like a "cat purring"
thrill
30
thrill or bruit at the carotid may indicate
artherosclerosis
31
rhythm to different amplitude beats indicating ventricular dysfunction
pulsus alterans
32
pulses paradoxus is assessed via
blood pressure cuff
33
pulsus paradoxus is a sign of
cardiac tamponade
34
best heard: right upper sternal border at 2nd intercostal space
aortic valve
35
best heard: left upper sternal border at 2nd intercostal space
pulmonic valve
36
best heard: left lower sternal border around 4th-5th intercostal space
tricuspid
37
best heard: 5th intercostal space medial to mid clavicular line
mitral valve
38
closure of tricuspid and mitral
s1
39
closure of pulmonic and aortic
s2
40
* occurs between s1 and s2 * rapid contracture
systole
41
* occurs between s2 and s1 * slow filling
diastole
42
split s2 is normal in
young people
43
split s2 in older patients may indicate
* pulmonary hypertension * bundle branch blocks
44
loudest over apex with radiation to left axilla
mitral regurg
45
diastolic decresendo
aortic regurg
46
systolic cresendo-decresendo
aortic stenosis
47
diastolic decresendo-cresendo
mitral stenosis
48
systolic holosystolic
mitral regurg
49
soft, trained ear can detect | murmur grading
grade 1
50
louder, most clinicians can detect | murmur grading
grade 2
51
loud, most medical students can detect | murmur grading
grade 3
52
associated with thrill | mumur grading
grade 4
53
associated with thrill, may be able to hear with stethoscope just off chest | murmur grading
grade5
54
associated with thrill, can hear without stethoscope
grade 6
55
* early diastolic filling from volume overload or systolic dysfunction * blood hitting ventricular wall
s3
56
increased work of atria to overcome hypertrophic ventricular wall
s4
57
s3 and s4 may be normal in
children/young adults | will quiet when sitting
58
sign of chronic hypoxia
clubbing
59
correct order for cardiac and pulmonary assessments
expose, look, feel, listen
60
S1 should occur immediately before
right carotid pulsation
61
S2 sould occur after
right carotid pulsation
62
decreased intrathoracic pressure leading to increased pulmonary artery flow and delay in pulmonic valve closure
physiologic S2 split | normal finding in young people
63
* prolonged RV systole from an undiagnosed atrial septal defect * does not change with inspiration or expiration
pathologic S2 split
64
sound of blood quickly decelerating after crossing the mitral valve
S3 | ventricular gallop
65
heart sound found in CHF or late pregnancy
S3
66
heart sound caused by a hypertrophic left ventricle leading to increased atrial contraction
S4
67
heart sound associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
S4
68
harsh systolic murmur that decreases in intensity when squatting
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
69
pulses should be assessed
bilaterally
70
absent breath sounds with tympany to percussion over anterior chest and deviation of trachea
tension pneumothorax
71
discontinous, fine sounds like velcro at end of inspiration
fine crackles | CHF
72
high pitched, musical, continous sounds at end of expiration
wheezes | asthma
73
* loud, high pitched sound throughout inspiration over trachea * heard without stethoscope
stridor | tracheal obstruction
74
bronchial sounds in the periphery indicate
lung consolidation
75
manuever to bring heart closer to chest wall to fine PMI
lay patient on left side while you palpate
76
palpating the anterior chest wall with the pall of your hand will help feel
thrills
77
lower lobes are heard best
posterior back
78
upper lobes are best heard
over anterior chest
79
right middle lobe is best heard
over mid axillary line and inferior right anterior chest
80
heard over right sternal border at the 2nd intercostal space
aortic
81
heard over left sternal border at 2nd intercostal space
pulmonic
82
heard over left sternal border at the 4th intercostal space
tricuspid
83
heard over apex at 5th intercostal space medial to midclavicular line
mitral
84
aortic valve murmurs radiate to
carotid arteries

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