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GIR Test 4 > B5-039 Renal Pathology I > Flashcards

B5-039 Renal Pathology I Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

KW nodules

A

diabetic nephropathy

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2
Q

afferent and efferent arteriolar hyalinosis; interstitial fibrosis

A

diabetic nephropathy

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3
Q

glomerulosclerosis
arteriosclerosis
afferent arteriolar hyalinosis

A

chronic hypertensive nephropathy

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4
Q

what finding would you expect in accelerated hypertensive nephropathy?

A

thrombotic microangiopathy

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5
Q

most common cause of ERSD in US

A

diabetic nephropathy

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6
Q

non-enzymatic glycation of the tissue proteins causes mesangial expansion

A

diabetic nephropathy

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7
Q

LM: mesangial expansion, GBM thickening, KW lesions

A

diabetic nephropathy

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8
Q

systemic disorder with abnormal deposition of protein in various organs, including kidney

A

amyloidosis

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9
Q

[…] amyloidosis accounts for 75% of cases in US

A

AL

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10
Q
  • second most common amyloidosis
  • associated with chronic inflammatory disease
A

AA amyloidosis

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11
Q

serum amyloid associated protein

A

AA amyloidosis

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12
Q

Ig lambda light chain

A

AL amyloidosis

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13
Q

what type of amyloidosis is associated with familial mediterranean fever?

A

AA amyloidosis

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14
Q

waxy deposits confirmed by congo red stain

A

amyloidosis

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15
Q

most commonly involved organ in systemic amyloidosis

A

kidney

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16
Q

apple-green birefringence under polarized light due to amyloid deposition in mesangium

A

amyloidosis

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17
Q

accounts for 2/3 of all nephrotic syndrome in children

A

minimal change disease

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18
Q

responds well to steroids

A

minimal change disease

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19
Q
  • essentially normal by LM and IF
  • EM show foot process effacement
A

minimal change disease

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20
Q

4 Is of minimal change disease

A
  • infection
  • immunization
  • immune stimulus
  • idiopathic

triggers of MCD

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21
Q

LM: normal glomeruli (lipid may be seen in PT cells)
IF: normal
EM: effacement of podocyte foot processes

A

minimal change disease

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22
Q

one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

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23
Q

higher prevalence in AA

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

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24
Q

can be associated with HIV, sickle cell, heroin use, obesity, INF treatment, congenital

A

focal segemental glomerulosclerosis

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25
LM: segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis IF: often negative but may be nonspecific for IgM, C3, C1 EM: effacement of foot processes similar to MCD
focal segemental glomerulosclerosis
26
can be caused by HIV infection which is associated with glomerular collapse
focal segemental glomerulosclerosis
27
70% are caused by auto-antibody to PLA2R on podocytes
membranous nephropathy
28
M: F ratio in membranous nephropathy
2 M: 1 F
29
thick GBM with spikes and vacuoles
membranous nephropathy
30
IF shows lei capillary pattern with IgG and C3
membranous nephropathy
31
LM: diffuse capillary and GBM thickening IF: granular due to immune complex deposition EM: "spike and dome" appearance of subepithelial deposits
membranous nephropathy
32
secondary causes of membranous
* drug * HBV, HCV, syphillis * malignancy (lung, colon) * SLE
33
associated most commonly with E. coli infection
classic HUS
34
associated with abnormal alternative complement activation due to either genetic or aquired dysregulation of the pathway
atypical HUS
35
pathology of HUS
TMA
36
associated with decreased ADAMTS13
TTP
37
cleaves vWF
ADAMTS13
38
results in ultra large multimers of vWF causing mechanical shearing of RBCs
TTP
39
pathology of TTP
TMA
40
nephrotic syndromes | 5
1. minimal change disease 1. focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 1. membranous nephropathy 1. amyloidosis 1. diabetic glomerulonephropathy
41
"spikes and vacuoles" membranous nephropathy
42
what is this pattern of injury?
TMA | TTP, HUS, acute HTN nephropathy
43
what is this pattern of injury?
TMA | TTP, HUS, acute HTN nephropathy
44
what is this pattern of injury?
collapsing glomerulopathy | HIV associated nephropathy
45
amyloidosis
46
normal glomeruli | minimal change disease
47
the presence of APOL1 G1, G2 alleles confers a 15x increase in risk for
FSGS
48
FSGS
49
mutation in TTR
amyloidosis
50
mutations in COL4A5
Alport syndrome
51
mutation in PKD1
polycystic kidney disease
52
mutation in CFH
atypical HUS
53
steroid resistant
FSGS
54
KW nodule (nodular glomerulosclerosis) | diabetic nephropathy
55
what treatment should be given?
steroids | minimal change disease
56
membranous glomerulopathy
57
what is expected on IF of membranous glomerulopathy?
IgG and C3, granular
58
most common cause of membranous glomerulopathy
auto-antibody to PLA2R
59
cancers associated with membranous
lung, colon
60
thrombus in hilar arteriole TMA
61
this finding is associated with what?
infection: HIV, parvovirus, B19, covid | glomerular collapse

GIR Test 4 (18 decks)

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