B5 Communicable diseases Flashcards
(225 cards)
What is your health?
a state of physical and mental well-being, not just an absence of disease
What are examples of communicable diseases
tuberculosis, flu, diarrhoeal diseases and malaria
What are communicable diseases caused by?
pathogens such as bacteria and viruses that can be passed from one person to another
What can non-communicable diseases not do?
cannot be transmitted from one person to another
Give examples of non-communicable diseases
Heart disease and arthritis, cancer
What three other factors affect ill health
Diet, stress and life situations
What do life situations include
the part of the world where you live your gender your financial status you ethnic group the level of free health care provided where you live how many children you have local sewage and rubbish disposal
Give an example in which viruses living in cells can trigger changes that lead to cancers
the human papilloma virus can cause cervical cancer
What may be the cause of a defect in the immune system that helps the body to destroy pathogens?
genetic makeup, poor nutrition or infections such as HIV/AIDS; more likely to suffer other communicable diseases
Immune reactions initially caused by a pathogen, even something like the common cold, can trigger allergies to factors in the environment. What can these allergies be called?
skin rashes, hives, or asthma
What can severe physical ill health lead to
depression and other mental illness
What health conditions is malnutrition often linked to
deficiency diseases, a weakened immune system, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and cancer
What are the microorganisms that cause disease called?
pathogens, infecting animals and plants
What can pathogens be?
bacteria, viruses, protists, or fungi
How are communicable diseases caused?
either directly by a pathogen or by a toxin made by a pathogen
What are pathogens able to do?
can be passed from one infected individual to another individual who does not have the disease
What are known as fairly mild communicable diseases
common cold and tonsillitis
What are known as killer diseases
tetanus, influenza, and HIV/AIDS
Sometimes communicable diseases can be passed between different species of organisms. What is an example.
- infected animals such as dogs or bats can pass rabies onto people
- tuberculosis can be passed from badgers to cows, and from cows to people
What causes the majority of communicable diseases in people?
bacteria and viruses
In pplants, what are the most common pathogens
viruses and fungi
What are bacteria
single-celled living organisms that are much smaller than animal and plant cells
What is bacteria used for?
to make food such as yogurt and cheese, to treat SEWAGE, and to make medicines
Bacteria are important where?
in the environment, as a decomposer, and in the body