Bacte specimen management Flashcards by ANTOINE GABRIELE Z. JUMAGBAS

The goal of the collector in specimen collection

maintain the viability of
organisms with minimal contamination

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collect the specimen in the ______________ of the infection _________________________ and _________________________________

acute (early) phase, or within 2-3 days for viral infections, before antibiotics are administered

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Collect the specimen using the proper technique and
supplies with minimal contamination from ____________________

normal biota

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Label the specimen accurately with the specific
anatomic site and the patient information—__________________________________________________

patient’s
name and unique identification number, as well as
date and time of collection.

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collection medium for upper respiratory tract, and genitourinary tract

Pre-moistened Swab

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collection medium for Stool

Clean Leak-proof
Container

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collection medium for corneal scrapings

Bedside Plating

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collection medium for Hair, Nails, Skin scrapings

Clean Screw Top-tube (for
fungal culture)

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Bags should be marked with ______________________________

BIOHAZARD LABEL

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when using swabs ________________ should be summited

Two swabs, (direct smear and culture)

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Wound fibers
may trap
specimens and
prevent the
efficient release

Regular Fiber Swab

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Perpendicular
arrangement of fibers
and solid swab head
aid in the release of
specimen

Nylon Flocked Swab

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preferred material for the tip of swabs

Dacron, rayon, or Calcium alginate

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contain excessive fatty acids
which are inhibitory and toxic to some bacteria

Cotton-tipped swabs

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To counteract fatty acids, ___________________ can be added to media to absorb fatty acids present
in the specimen

charcoal

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_______________________
are not recommended for viral collection (SARS-CoV-2)

Calcium alginate swabs or swabs with wooden shafts

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is not an appropriate specimen source when the exact
anatomic site is not provided.

WOUND

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swab recommended for viral collection

Use synthetic fiber swabs with thin or wire shafts (nylon flocked swabs

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The specimen for wound should be collected by _______________________ rather than by swab from the advancing
margin of the lesion

needle aspiration

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Specimen that can be collected by patients

Urine, sputum, stool

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specimen should be Transported ideally within __________ of collection, preferably within _____

30 mins, 2 hrs

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specimens that must immediately be transported

Bone, Prostatic samples tube

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q
specimens that must transported in less than 15 mins

Body fluids, CSF, Gastric wash or lavage

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specimens that must transported within 1 hour

Gastric biopsy, Stool

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specimens that must transported within 24 hours

Bone marrow aspirate, preserved clean-voided midstream urine

q fungal culture, hair, nail scrapings must be transported within ________

● 72 hrs

unpreserved urine must be transported within __________

30 mins

If transport is delayed, the specimen can be maintained by storage under certain conditions or with the use of

Preservatives ○ Anticoagulants ○ Transport or holding medium or culture medium

preservation for stool for ova and parasite examination ( maintain the integrity of trophozoites and cysts)

Boric Acid

preservation for stool for ova and parasite examination ( maintain the integrity of trophozoites and cysts)

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Buffered Formalin

__________ for Clostridium difficile toxin assay should be collected without a preservative and can be refrigerated

Stools

Preservatives (fixatives) should NOT be ADDED to fecal specimens for _________________

bacteriological testing

Stool specimens for bacterial culture that are not transported immediately can be _________________, at around

refrigerated, -70 deg C

f the delay is longer than 2 hours, the specimen can be added to ___________________________

Cary-Blair transport medium

Contains substances that do not promote the multiplication of microorganisms but ensure their preservation and are available in swab collection systems

TRANSPORT OR HOLDING MEDIA

Commercial transport system used for N. gonorrhoeae

JEMBEC (John E. Martin Biologic Environmental Chamber)

Contains selective agar (Modified Thayer-Martin) and carbon dioxide generating tablet (sodium bicarbonate and citric acid)

JEMBEC (John E. Martin Biologic Environmental Chamber)

● Recovery of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria ● For respiratory samples

Amie’s transport media

● For stool pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, or Campylobacter)

Cary-Blair

Multi-purpose transport media

Stuart’s

● Neisseria

Transgrow

● For vaginal swab (S. agalactiae)

Todd-Hewitt and LIM (Modified Todd-Hewitt)

● Viral Transport Media (VTM)

Leibovitz-Emory media

● Suspected bacillary dysentery (stool)

Sach’s buffered glycerol saline

● Suspected Cholera

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan (VR) medium

To prevent clotting of specimens, including blood, bone marrow, and synovial fluid ( if the specimen is clotted, organisms are trapped in clotted material an difficult to isolate)

ANTICOAGULANTS

commonly used and is the most appropriate/common anticoagulant used for microbiology specimens

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS) at 0.025

blood to sps ratio

10:1

______________ - counteracts the action of SPS

Addition of 1% gelatin

often used for viral cultures and isolation of Mycobacterium spp. from blood and may inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria and yeast

Heparin

specimen storage for Body Fluids, Bone IUD (Intrauterine Device) IV catheters Prostatic Fluid in TUBES Suprapubic Aspirate

Must be plated as soon as received

specimen storage for Blood, Corneal Scrapings

Must be incubated at 37 deg C on

specimen storage for blood

Less than or equal to 2 hrs at ROOM TEMP

specimen storage for Abscess, Bone Marrow Aspirate, Body fluids, Inner Ear, CSF for bacteria (15th edition), Conjunctiva, Aqueous Fluid, Corneal Scraping, Rectal Swab, Genital Tracts, Prostate fluid SWAB, Urethra, Upper Respiratory Tract, TissuesWithin 24 hrs at ROOM TEMPERATURE

Within 24 hrs at ROOM TEMPERATURE

specimen storage for Pericardial Fluid and other fluids (fungal culture), External Ear, IV Catheters, Gastric Wash/Lavage, Gastric Biopsy, Stool (Routine), Unpreserved stool for E. coli toxin assays, BAL, Endotracheal aspirate, BW/BB, Sputum, Clean-voided midstream urine and Straight catheter

Within 24 hrs at 4 deg C

specimen storage for C. difficile culture or nucleic acid detection

2 days at 4 deg C

q specimen storage for CSF for viruses detection

3 days at 4 C

specimen storage for Stool for O&P Examination, Hair, Skin and Nails (for Fungal Culture)

INDEFINITELY at Room Temperature

Layers of triple package

PRIMARY RECEPTACLE SECONDARY CONTAINER THIRD RECEPTACLE

contains the infectious substance and the receptacle should be watertight, leak-proof, and labeled properly including the contents of the sample

Primary receptacle

watertight, leakproof packaging, and is used to enclose and protect the primary receptacle(s)

Secondary container

protects the secondary container from physical damage during transport (rigid outer packaging)

Third receptacle

a material known or suspected to contain a pathogen (bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, parasites, fungi, or prions) that causes disease in humans or animals.

infectious substances

Critical/Invasive - Potentially life-threatening and from an invasive source - Require immediate processing

LEVEL 1 SPECIMEN

Amniotic fluid, Blood, Brain, CSF, Heart valves, Pericardian fluid

LEVEL 1 SPECIMEN

Unpreserved - Unprotected and may quickly degrade or have overgrowth of contaminating biota

LEVEL 2 SPECIMEN

Body fluids (not listed for Level 1). Bone, Drainage from wounds, Feces, Sputum, Tissue

LEVEL 2 SPECIMEN

specimen with Quantitation required

LEVEL 3 SPECIMEN

Feces and urine in preservative, swabs in holding medium

LEVEL 4 SPECIMEN

Preserved specimen

LEVEL 4 SPECIMEN

Proper identification of each specimen includes a label firmly attached to the container with the following information:

Name ○ ID number ○ Room number ○ Physician ○ Culture Site ○ Date of Collection ○ Time of Collection

The ____________________ must contain sufficient information for the specimen and requisition to be matched up when received in the laboratory

specimen label

Blood should be drawn during the time of _______________

febrile (fever) episode.

The venipuncture site should be disinfected with ______________________________

Chlorhexidine-alcohol. (70 % Alcohol then 2% clorhexidine then 2% tincture of iodine)

is the recommended skin antiseptic for blood cultures, infants 2 months and older and for patients with iodine sensitivity.

Chlorhexidine gluconate

Bacte specimen management Flashcards

(75 cards)