Parasit blood and tissue flagellates

Question 1

Developmental Stages of Trypanosomes

Answer 1

Amastigote
Promastigote
Epimastigote
Trypomastigote

Question 2

Developmental Stages of Trypanosomes wherein there is no flagella

Answer 2

Amastigote/ Leishmanial Form

Question 3

Developmental Stages of Trypanosomes wherein there is flagella found in the front of nucleus

Answer 3

Promastigote/ Leptomonad Form

Question 4

Developmental Stages of Trypanosomes wherein there is Flagella in center of the organism

Answer 4

Epimastigote/ Crithidial Form

Question 5

Developmental Stages of Trypanosomes wherein the flagella originates at posterior end of the organism

Answer 5

Trypomastigote/ Trypanosomal Form

Question 6

Etiologic agent of CHAGAS DISEASE or AMERICAN
TRYPANOSOMIASIS

Answer 6

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 6

intermediate host of Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 6

RIATOMINE BUGS/REDUVIID BUG

Question 7

a small painful reddish nodule in Chagas Disease

Answer 7

CHAGOMA

Question 8

unilateral periorbital edema in child

Answer 8

ROMAÑAS SIGN

Question 9

infective stage of Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 9

metacyclic trypomastigotes

Question 10

*In humans:
- trypomastigotes are found in the ________________________
- while, amastigotes are found in the ______________________

Answer 10

bloodstream, tissue cells

Question 11

*In the triatomine bug:
-epimastigote and promastigote are found in the _____________________
-metacyclic trypomastigote are found in the _________________

Answer 11

in the midgut, in hindgut

Question 12

MODE of TRANSMISSION OF T. cruzi

Answer 12

o Feces from Triatomine/Reduviid Bug rubbed into bite wound

o Placental Transfer
o Blood Transfusion

Question 13

DIAGNOSIS for T. cruzi

Answer 13

o C, U, or S-shaped trypomastigotes in
blood, CSF or lymph nodes
o Xenodiagnosis
o Serological Tests

Question 14

Treatment for T. cruzi

Answer 14

Nifurtimox and Benznidazole

Question 15

Causative agent of African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 15

Trypanosoma brucei

Question 16

intermediate host of Trypanosoma brucei

Answer 16

TSETSE FLY (Glossina spp.)

Question 17

acute infection of Trypanosoma brucei

Answer 17

EAST AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS/ Rhodesian trypanosomiasis

Question 18

EAST AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS/ Rhodesian trypanosomiasis are typically found in _______________________

Answer 18

EAST and SOUTH Africa

Question 19

chronic infection of Trypanosoma brucei

Answer 19

WEST AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS/Gambian trypanosomiasis

Question 20

Causative agent of East African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 20

T. brucei rhodesiense

Question 21

Causative agent of West African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 21

T. brucei gambiense

Question 22

WEST AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS/Gambian trypanosomiasis are typically found in ________________________________

Answer 22

WEST and CENTRAL Africa

Question 23

Earliest sign in African Trypanosomiasis

a local, hard, painful
lesion at the site of inoculation

Answer 23

CHANCRE

Question 24

T. gambiense causes coma in ________________

Answer 24

6-12 months

Question 25

T. rhodesiense causes coma in a ______________

Answer 25

month

Question 26

both T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense cause _______________________

Answer 26

elevated IgM in serum and CSF

Question 27

AKA Blood Flagellates

Answer 27

Trypanosomes

Question 28

MOT through the vectors fecal material

Answer 28

Stercorarian

Question 29

MOT through salivary glands of the vector

Answer 29

Salivarian

Question 30

GAMBIAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS o 1 ST yr of infection = trypanosomes in _________________; manifestation of rice plums consistency of lymph nodes known as ______________________ o Beginning of 2nd yr = CNS involvement, inversion of sleep cycle, and hyperesthesia a.k.a ______________

Answer 30

blood and lymphatics, WINTERBOTTOM’S SIGN, KERANDEL’S SIGN

Question 31

in RHODESIAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS Death occurs within ________________________

Answer 31

weeks to months

Question 32

DIAGNOSIS of Trypanosomiasis

Answer 32

o Trypomastigotes in blood, lymph, or CSF o Best sample = CSF o Serologic tests

Question 33

Diagnostic method for identifying LEISHMANIAS

Answer 33

tissue biopsy and serological methods

Question 34

AKA tissue flagellates

Answer 34

Leishmania

Question 35

Leishmania intermediate host

Answer 35

Old World Sandfly (Phlebotomus spp.)

Question 36

Old World Sandfly (Phlebotomus spp.)

Answer 36

congenitally, through blood transfusion, by contamination of bite wounds, or by contact.

Question 37

amastigotes released will invade new cells: *L. tropica – ________________________________ L. donovani– _________________ L. braziliensis – _______________________

Answer 37

in lymphoid tissue of skin, in visceral organs, in skin and mucous membranes

Question 38

Localized intracellularly in skin macrophages and histiocytes

Answer 38

Leishmania tropica

Question 39

Causes Oriental sore or Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Oriental boil, or Baghdad or Delhi boil.

Answer 39

Leishmania tropica

Question 40

Causes Espundia or Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis

Answer 40

Leishmania braziliense/ Leishmania braziliensis

Question 41

highly disfiguring leprosy-like tissue destruction and swelling is known as “_____________________”.

Answer 41

Tapir Nose

Question 42

Lesions caused by this parasite resemble those of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Later, however, even after several decades, metastatic spread to the oronasal and pharyngeal mucosa may occur, causing highly disfiguring leprosy-like tissue destruction and swelling

Answer 42

Leishmania braziliense/ Leishmania braziliensis

Question 43

Causes Dumdum fever, Kala-azar, or Visceral Leishmaniasis. This is characterized by double spiking chills and fever daily.

Answer 43

Leishmania donovani

Question 44

causes Enlargement of spleen and liver occurs

Answer 44

Leishmania donovani

Question 45

Leishmania donovani Amastigote spreads to viscera, multiplies in _____________________

Answer 45

macrophages in liver and spleen