Bacterial Identification

Question 1

binds to the nucleic acid either RNA or DNA and used to confirm the presence of bacteria in blood cultures when gram stain results are difficult to interpret or when the presence of bacteria is highly suspected and none are detected in light microscopy

Answer 1

Acridine Orange

Question 2

Result is based on rapid production of bubbles or effervescence

Answer 2

Catalase test

Question 3

Interpretation of primary cultures; a comparative examination of the colony
morphology of microorganisms growing on various culture media

Answer 3

Plate reading

Question 4

Widal test is commonly use for

Answer 4

Salmonella typhi

Question 5

It would nonspecifically bind to
nearly all Mycobacteria and would give the Mycobacterial cells a bright yellow appearance or orange against a greenish
background

Answer 5

Auramine Rhodamine

Question 6

Amplification process where there is an Addition of other amino acids or nucleic acids into the sequence

Answer 6

Extension

Question 7

Contain low concentrations of peptone and a single carbohydrate substrate such as glucose

Answer 7

O-F medium

Question 8

a component of the cell wall that gives the ability to resist decolorization.

Answer 8

Mycolic Acid

Question 9

An enzyme use to differentiate Staphylococcus from Streptococcus

Answer 9

Catalase

Question 10

utilizes a method known as PCR

Answer 10

Amplification Methods

Question 11

Enzyme being utilize for Oxidase test

Answer 11

Cytochrome oxidase

Question 12

Special stain for flagella

Answer 12

Leifson Stain

Question 13

O-F medium result: 1 tube has yellow top and green bottom and the other remain unchanged

Answer 13

Oxidizer

Question 14

a term used to describe a particular genus in general.

Answer 14

Color

Question 15

temp. required for Extension

Answer 15

72 deg. Celsius

Question 16

A type of staining wherein instead of the organism itself, it’s the background that is
stained

Answer 16

Negative Stains

Question 17

is one of the first method used to type strains of bacteria

Answer 17

Plasmid profile

Question 18

One of the most common applications of this technique is the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test [FTA-ABS ] for your T. pallidum subspecies for detecting syphilis

Answer 18

Immunofluorescent Assays

Question 19

detecting antigens by means of agglutination or clumping either with an artificial carrier
particle or insoluble matrix such as your latex bead and or with antibody bound to the
surface

Answer 19

Agglutination Assays

Question 20

The basic method consists of antibodies bonded to enzymes instead of fluorochromes

Answer 20

Enzyme Immunoassays

Question 21

pH indicator: Bromcressol purple

Answer 21

Purple to yellow

Question 22

involves the ability of a
bacterial isolate to grow in the presence of one or
more inhibitory substances

Answer 22

Inhibitor profiles

Question 23

pH indicator: pale yellow to pink

Answer 23

Andrade’s acid fuchsin-

Question 24

Hard to grow in vitro, requires additional growth factors

Answer 24

Fastidious

Question 25

an enzyme that mediates the extension process of amplification and is obtained from Thermus aquaticus.

Answer 25

Taq polymerase

Question 26

specific PCR amplification product containing the target nucleic acid

Answer 26

amplicon

Question 27

Based on the ability of two homologous nucleic acid strands to bond specifically with each other and form a double-stranded molecule (duplex or hybrid)

Answer 27

Nucleic Acid Hybridization Methods

Question 28

O-F medium: Both tubes are yellow

Answer 28

Fermenter:

Question 29

an inherent characteristic of a specific organism confined generally to the colony,

Answer 29

Pigmentation

Question 30

used to determine protein expression in disease conditions, such as cancers, genetic diseases, and other diseases, including microbial infections.

Answer 30

Proteomics

Question 31

temp. required for annealing

Answer 31

50-58 deg. Celsius

Question 32

partial lysing of RBCs in an SBA (

Answer 32

α (alpha hemolysis)

Question 33

contain nutrients that support growth of most nonfastidious organisms without giving any particular organism a growth advantage

Answer 33

Nutritive media

Question 34

a technology that is used for rapidly identifying microorganisms, including fungi

Answer 34

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Question 35

Pseudomonas spp.: Oxidative or fermenter?

Answer 35

Oxidative

Question 36

Positive result for acid

Answer 36

Yellow

Question 37

temp. required for denaturation

Answer 37

94 degrees Celsius

Question 38

Stain that is directed toward coloring specific components of the elements present

Answer 38

Differential Stain

Question 39

Grouping at the micron level of DNA molecules attached to a solid support

Answer 39

DNA Microarrays

Question 40

How should you determine the elevation?

Answer 40

The elevation should be determined by tilting the culture plate and looking at the side of the colony.

Question 41

a hazy blanket of growth on the surface that extends well beyond the streak lines

Answer 41

Swarming

Question 42

complete clearing of erythrocytes in SBA around or under the colonies because of the complete lysis of RBCs

Answer 42

β(beta hemolysis)

Question 43

identified based on susceptibility to optochin and solubility in bile

Answer 43

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 44

O-F medium: Both tubes does not change in color

Answer 44

Nonutilizer

Question 45

Can grow in the presence of various NaCl concentrations

Answer 45

Enterococci spp. and Vibrio spp.

Question 46

Enterobacteriacea: Oxidative or Fermenter?

Answer 46

Fermenter

Question 47

Stain that is directed toward coloring the forms and shapes present

Answer 47

Simple Stain

Question 48

identified based on Ability to hydrolyze esculin in the presence of bile

Answer 48

Enterococci spp.

Question 49

contain specific nutrients required for the growth of particular bacterial pathogens that maybe present alone or with other bacterial species in a patient specimen

Answer 49

Enrichment media

Question 50

Compare local strains to determine whether a local outbreak is caused by a single strain type or by multiple strains

Answer 50

Strain Typing

Question 51

Using sera to identify and differentiate bacteria

Answer 51

Serotyping

Question 52

contain one or more agents that are inhibitory to all organisms except those “selected”by the specific growth condition or chemical

Answer 52

Selective media

Question 53

FITC is conjugated directly to the specific antibody

Answer 53

Direct Fluorescent Antibody technique

Question 54

involves the use of primers.

Answer 54

Annealing

Question 55

Reagent use for Oxidase Test

Answer 55

1% tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochrloride

Question 56

Determining the order of nucelotides in a fragment of DNA

Answer 56

Sequencing

Question 57

Acid fast stain method that utilizes heat

Answer 57

Ziehl-Neelsen

Question 58

Special stain for endospores;

Answer 58

Schaeffer-Fulton Stain

Question 59

identification is based on Ethanol survival

Answer 59

Bacillus spp.)

Question 60

alternative for acid alcohol as a decolorizer for AFB stain

Answer 60

20% Sulfuric Acid

Question 61

Assays involves the diffusion of soluble antigen and antibody

Answer 61

Precipitation Assays

Question 62

Inoculation of the clinical specimen onto laboratory media

Answer 62

Primary Plating

Question 63

based on the ability of some bacteria and not others to utilize a substrate that often produces a change in the ph that is detected by a change in the color of a ph indicator

Answer 63

Differential media

Question 64

process of amplification method where it aims that the double stranded DNA would become single strands

Answer 64

Denaturation