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Micro Exam 2 (Shelby) > Bacterial Pneumonias > Flashcards

Bacterial Pneumonias Flashcards

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1
Q

Which pneumonia microbe has colonies that require factors from RBCs, but do not have hemolytic properties?

A

Haemophilus influenzae

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2
Q

How does pseudolysins contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo

A

Forms transmembrane pores leading to lysis

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3
Q

Smallest living bacteria

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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4
Q

What are the TWO viruelnce factors of Chlamydophila pneumoniae

A
  1. 2 exotoxins

2. Primary response is neutrophils (no memory!)

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5
Q

How does the capsule contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo?

A

Inhibits phagocytosis

Prevents c3b opsonization

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6
Q

Diagnostic test for Klebsiella penumoniae

A

Gram stain

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7
Q

Which pneumonia microbe is virulent in both the capsulated and non-capulated form

A

Haemeophilus influenzae

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8
Q

What would be on a chest x-ray of a patient with pneumonia caused by strep pneumo?

A

Consolidation

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9
Q

How does hydrogen peroxide contribute as a virulence factor to strep pneumo

A

Apoptosis of host cell

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10
Q

What type of sputum is associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

“Currant jelly” sputum

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11
Q

How does IgA protease contribute as a viruelnce factor to Haemophilus influenzae

A

Degrades secretory IgA

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12
Q

What type of people get pneumonia from pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Immunocompromised

Patients in the hospital

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13
Q

What type of sputum is associated with pneumonia caused by strep pneumo?

A

“Rust colored” sputum

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14
Q

How do elastases contribute as viruelnce factors to pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

LasA, LasB degrades elastin

No gas exchange

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15
Q

What are the SEVEN virulence factors of pseudomonas aeruginosa

A
  1. Pyocyanin
  2. Exotoxin A
  3. Elastases
  4. Alginate
  5. Pili
  6. Lipopolysaccharide
  7. Endotoxin
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16
Q

Which penumonia microbe is an obligate intracellular parasite

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

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17
Q

How does IgA protease contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo?

A

Degrades secretory IgA

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18
Q

What are the TWO virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Polysaccharide capsule

Adhesins

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19
Q

Chlamydophia pneumoniae
Gram (+/-)?
Shape?
Motile?

A

Gram negative
Coccoid
Non-motile

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20
Q

Chlamydophila pneumoniae diagnostics

A

Culture is time consuming and difficult

Internal “red” staining

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21
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa transmission

A

Fomites
Plants
Fruits
Hands

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22
Q

How does exotoxin A contribute as a virulence factor to pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Inhibits protein synthesis

Ciliastasis

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23
Q

Which pneumonia causing microbe is associated with a thick, slimey capsule

A

Klebsiella penumoniae

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24
Q

What type of people get pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

5-20 year olds

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25
Mycoplasma pneumoniae diagnostics
Cold agglutinin assay
26
Diagnostic test for strep pneumo:
1. Green-colored on blood agar 2. Non-staining capsules 3. Confirmation = bile solubility test 4. Quellung reaction to observe capsules
27
How does being opsonized with c3b contribute as a virulence factor for legionella pneumoniae
Facilitates phagocytosis | Facultative parasite lives in cell, releases enzymes and bacteria when upon lysis
28
Strep pneumo - Gram (+/-)? Shape?
Gram positive | Diplococcus
29
How does Alginate contribute as a virulence factor for pseudomonas aeruginosa
Mucoid polysaccharide/slime layer, inhibits mucociliary escalator, antiphagocytic glycocalyx
30
What would be on a chest x-ray of a patient with pneumonia caused by Klebsiella penimoniae?
Cavitation
31
How does peptidoglycan-teicoic acid complex contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo
Illicits immune response
32
What type of people get pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae
Alcoholics, diabetics, homeless
33
How does hydrogen peroxide contribute as a virulence factor to mycoplasma pneumoniae
Damage to epithelium, colonization of airways
34
How does lipooligosaccharide contribute as a virulence factor to Haemophilus influenzae
Loss of cilia, inflammation, sloughing of damaged epithelial cells
35
What type of people get pneumonia from Legionella pneumoniae
Immunocompromised | Elderly
36
What would you see on a chest x-ray of a patient with pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae?
Patchy infiltrates
37
Which pneumonia microbe has the presentation of non-productive cough, malaise, and UNILATERAL lobe?
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
38
How do sterols in the plasma membrane contribute as a virulence factor for mycoplasma pneumoniae
Fuses to host cell membrane to disguise itslef from immune system
39
Pseudomoas aeruginosa diagnostics
Water-soluble blue-green pigment on BAP and MacConkey agar
40
What is unique about ID-Latex Particle Agglutination test? (LAT)
Can be done after antibiotic treatment because it relies on antigen
41
Legionella pneumoniae Gram (+/-)? Shape? Motile?
Gram negative Pleomorphic bacillus Motile!
42
What are the TWO virulence factors of mycoplasma pneumoniae
1. Hydrogen peroxide | 2. Sterols in plasma membrane
43
Haemophilus influenzae can be cultured on blood agar only due to the “satellite phenomenon”. What doe they look like on blood agar?
Convex, smooth, pale, gray/transparent cultures
44
Pseudomonas aerguinosa Gram (+/-)? Shape? Motile?
Gram negative Bacillus Motile!
45
How do fimbriae contribute as a virulence factor for Haemophilus influenzae
Colonization
46
Chlamydophia pneumoniae transmission
Respiratory droplets
47
only the capsulated form is virulent | *pneumonia
Strep pneumo
48
Which pneumonia microbe has the presentation of: | Non-productive cough for 1-2 months, headache, crackles
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, atypical pneumonia
49
What are the 4 virulence factors of Legionella pneumoniae
1. Fimbriae 2. Single, polar flagellum 3. B-lactamase producer 4. Opsonized with C3b
50
How does pyocyanin contribute as a virulence factor to pseudomonas aeruginosa
Catalizes ROS production
51
Which pneumonia microbe has the presentation of “acute firbopurulent necrotizing penumonia”, large inflammatory response, severe, neurological symptoms
Legionella penumoniae | Specifically Legionnaires’
52
How does pili contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo
Colonization | Production of TNF
53
How do surface proteins contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo
Choline binding proteins
54
What type of people get penumonia caused by Haemeophilus influenzae
Infants get type b | Immunocompromised get the other
55
What are the EIGHT viurlence factors of strep pneumo
1. Capsule 2. IgA protease 3. Hydrogen peroxide 4. Pili 5. Surface proteins 6. Peptidoglycan-teicoic acid complex 7. Pneumolysin 8. Autolysin
56
What are the FIVE viruelnce factors for Haemophilus influenzae
1. Polyribosylribitol phosphaste (PRP) 2. Neuramidase 3. IgA protease 4. Fimbriae 5. Lipooligosaccharide
57
How does neuramidase contribute as a virulence factor to Haemophilus influenzae
Allows microbe to get deep into tissues
58
How does the polysaccharide capsule contribute as a virulence factor for Klebsiella pneumoniae
Prevents MAC-mediated lysis | Prevents phagocytosis
59
Legionella pneumoniae transmission
Aerosols
60
What type of people get pneumonia caused by strep pneumo
Children and adults
61
What type of sputum is associated with pseudomonas aeruginosa
Fluorescent
62
Klebsiella pneumoniae transmission
Aspiration
63
How does Polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) contribute as a virulence factor to Haemophilus influenzae
Inhibits phagocytosis
64
Legionella pneumoniae diagnostics
Culture on buffered charcoal yeast extract
65
How does autolysin contribute as a virulence factor for strep pneumo
Release of pnemolysin, attempt to dampen host immune repsonse
66
Which pneumonia microbe is associated with direct tissue destruction during replication
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
67
Diagnostic test for Haemophilus influenzae
1. ID-Latex Particle Agglutination Test (LAT) 2. Blood agar only if satiellite phenomenon 3. Chocolate agar 4. Gram stain 5. Serology
68
Klebsiella pneumoniae Gram (+/-)? Shape? Motile?
Gram negative Coccobacillus Non-motile
69
Strep pneumo transmission
Aspiratin
70
What type of people get pneumonia from chlamydophila penumoniae
Adults 60 +
71
Mycoplasma pneumoniae transmission
Respiratory droplets

Micro Exam 2 (Shelby) (9 decks)

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