Mycobacterium tuberculosis Flashcards
TB risk factors:
- low income
- alcoholism / IV drug use
- malnutrition
- diabetes
- silicosis
AND ESPECIALLY IMMUNOSUPPRESSION!!!!! BUT YOU ALREADY KNOW THIS!!!
Mycobacterium avium complex gram (+/-) aerobe/anaerobe? Shape? Acid-fast?
+
aerobe
bacilli
acid-fast
TB transmission
person-to-person route through aerosol droplet nuclei
Mycobacterium tuberculosis: aerobe/anaerobe? shape? motile? growth?
OBLIGATE aerobe
bacillus
non-motile
intracellular growth**
What is the source of the BCG vaccine?
Mycobacterium bovis
What two stains can actually stain mycobacterium tuberculosis (since they are acid-fast and difficult to stain)
Ziehl-Neelsen
Kinyoun
reactivation of secondary TB is a progression from caseous lesions that
erode and discharge TB bacilli into bronchi
What is the main virulence factor of mycobacterium tuberculosis
BUILT TO KILL
Structure**** is the virulence factor
peptidoglycan + mycolic acids
What is the leading cause of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections in HIV-positive patients residing in the U.S?
Mycobacterium avium complex
Mycobacterium avium complex transmission
ingestion of contaminated water or food
- ****NO PERSON TO PERSON!!!!!
- ****DIFFERENT THAN TB!!!!!
In latent TB, the bacteria remain _____ in the lesions, but ______
viable
inactive
What 3 specifies can produce human TB
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- mycobacterium bovis
- mycobacterium africanum
How do many children become infected by TB?
caregivers
Patients with inadequate treatment of TB both remain infectious AND
offer opportunity for drug resistance development
Granulomas in TB become evident _____ weeks after infection
2-6
