Bandages + Drains

Question 1

What are the three layers to a bandage?

Answer 1

Contact
Intermediate
Outer

Question 2

Function of: Contact layer

Answer 2

Final protective barrier from the environment
Absorption/Transfer of exudate
Debridement
Maintain moist environment

Question 3

Function of: Intermediate layers

Answer 3

Holds contact layer in place
Eliminates dead space
Prevents fluid accumulation
Wicks away nasty fluid

Question 4

Function of: Outer layer

Answer 4

External barrier

Provides support and pressure

Question 5

How is material chosen for the primary layer?

Answer 5

Exudative status

Sterile and place ascetically

Question 6

What are the criteria you want the contact layer to meet for a infected wound?

Answer 6

Debride + draw infected fluid/tissue away

Question 7

What are the criteria you want the contact layer to meet for a granulating wound?

Answer 7

Protective and allows uninterrupted vascular growth

Question 8

What are two dressing groups?

Answer 8

Adherent and Non-adherent

Question 9

What are the adherent dressings?

Answer 9

Dry gauze + Moistened gauze

Question 10

What are the non-adherent dressings?

Answer 10

Telfa + Hydrocolloid + Adaptic

Question 11

How often should adherent bandages be changed?

Answer 11

every 2 to 3 days

Question 12

What are the functions of an adherent bandage?

Answer 12

Adsorptive ability greater than amount of fluid

Debride + Draw away fluid

Question 13

How often should non-adherent bandages be changed? Why?

Answer 13

every 3 to 7 days

Want to disrupt granulation + epithelialization + contraction as much as possible

Question 14

What are the two layers of the intermediate layer?

Answer 14

Inner absorbent = Cotton

Stabilizing = Rolled gauze

Question 15

What does the pressure from the outer bandage do for the wound?

Answer 15

Control hemorrhage
Limits dead space
Supports tissue
Prevents seroma + hematomas

Question 16

What are four materials that can make up the outer layer?

Answer 16

Elastic material
Inelastic material
Cohesive
Porous vs Waterproof

Question 17

Why is it good to have a porous outer bandage?

Answer 17

Allows for evaporation from intermediate layer

Question 18

Why would you use elastic material?

Answer 18

Can adjust pressure better

Question 19

Why would you use inelastic material?

Answer 19

More supportive

Question 20

What can be added to the badage for extra support?

Answer 20

Cast - Splint - Tape

Question 21

Where are casts placed within the badage?

Answer 21

Outer layer

Question 22

Where are splints placed within the bandage?

Answer 22

Intermediate layer

Question 23

What is a robert-jones bandage?

Answer 23

Immobilization of fractures + injuries distal to elbow + stifle
Decreases/ Prevents edema
SHORT TERM
Large amount of cotton for absorption

Question 24

What is a modified robert-jones bandage?

Answer 24

Same as R-J just less cotton

LONG TERM

Question 25

What two kind of splints are there?

Answer 25

Lateral -- and -- Mason Meta

Question 26

What are mason meta splints?

Answer 26

palmar/plantar splints | = "Spoon splints"

Question 27

What do wet-to-dry bandages do?

Answer 27

Draw fluid away from wound by liquifying coagulum + absorbing necrotic debris As bandages dry pull debris + exudate away

Question 28

What type of inner layer do wet to dry bandages have?

Answer 28

Adherent | Moistened with saline

Question 29

What are the two groups of drains?

Answer 29

Open and closed

Question 30

Name: Open, passive drain

Answer 30

Penrose

Question 31

Name: Closed, active drain

Answer 31

Jackson pratt

Question 32

Which drain is most popular?

Answer 32

Open penrose

Question 33

How does a penrose drain work?

Answer 33

Capillary action along outside of tube | Gravity flow

Question 34

How is a penrose drain placed?

Answer 34

Proximal end deepest Exit should be lower so gravity does job Exit held in place by suture

Question 35

Where should a penrose NOT be placed?

Answer 35

Abdomen + Thorax

Question 36

Why shouldnt you have both ends exposed?

Answer 36

More chance bacteria will enter | Drain can't be in deepest part of cavity

Question 37

When should both ends of the penrose drain be exposed?

Answer 37

Inguinal -- and-- Axilla

Question 38

Why are the inguinal + axilla placements different?

Answer 38

Movement in the area causes subcutaneous emphysema

Question 39

How do closed drains work?

Answer 39

Negative pressure pulls out fluid

Question 40

Why are closed drains beneficial?

Answer 40

Decrease infection risk | Reduces dead space by collapsing cavity - fewer seromas

Question 41

What are the two types of closed drains?

Answer 41

Continous -- and -- Intermittent

Question 42

How much can a drain produce if wound is infected?

Answer 42

2 ml/kg/day