Behavioral Science 10.1-3

Question 1

Interpersonal attraction

Answer 1

5 components that make people like each other
Physical attractiveness - increase with symmetry and proportions close to the golden ratio
Similarity – when attitudes, intelligence, education, appearance, and status match
Self disclosure – sharing feelings thoughts and goals and being met with empathy not judgment
Reciprocity – we like people to think like us
Proximity – physically being close to someone

Question 2

Aggression

Answer 2

The physical, verbal, or nonverbal behavior with the intention to cause harm or increase social dominance

Question 3

Attachment

Answer 3

Emotional bond between two people usually referring to a child and caregiver

Question 4

Secure attachment

Answer 4

A consistent caregiver allowing the child to go out and explore knowing that When they return the caregiver will still be there. Does not like to leave caregiver and shows joy when reunited.

Question 5

Avoidant attachment

Answer 5

Caregiver she has little to no response to a distressed child. The child who showed no preference for the caregiver over strangers.

Question 6

Ambivalent attachment

Answer 6

Caregiver has an in consistent response to the child distress. The child becomes distressed when the caregiver leaves, and it’s in different and the caregiver returns.

Question 7

Disorganized attachment

Answer 7

The caregiver is erratic or abusive with no clear pattern of administering care. Nuclear pattern in the child’s behavior in response to the caregiver

Question 8

Social support

Answer 8

The perception and reality that one is cared for by social network

Question 9

Emotional support

Answer 9

Listening to and affirming someone’s feelings

Question 10

Esteem support

Answer 10

Affirms the qualities and skills of the person

Question 11

Material support

Answer 11

Providing physical or monetary resources to help person

Question 12

Informational support

Answer 12

Providing useful information to help a person through a difficult situation.

Question 13

Network support

Answer 13

Providing a sense of belonging to a person. Showing them that they’re part of community.

Question 14

Foraging

Answer 14

Searching for and exploiting food resources

Question 15

Monogamy

Answer 15

Consist of exclusive meeting relationships between one individual of each sex

Question 16

Polygamy

Answer 16

A single member of one sex meets with multiple members of the opposite sex. Polygyny (single male) polyandry(single female).

Question 17

Promiscuity

Answer 17

Mating between sexes without exclusivity

Question 18

Intersexual selection

Answer 18

The selection of a mate based on attraction and traits

Question 19

Altruism

Answer 19

A helping behavior in which a person‘s intent is to benefit someone else at their own cost

Question 20

Game theory

Answer 20

Explains decision-making between individuals as if it were a game

Question 21

Inclusive fitness

Answer 21

An organism’s success in the population based on their number of offspring, success in supporting offspring, and the ability of offspring to support others

Question 22

Social perception

Answer 22

Including the target, perceive her, and situation. Is the way in which we generate impressions about person.

Question 23

Implicit personality theory

Answer 23

People make assumptions about how others, their traits, and their behaviors are related.

Question 24

Primacy affect

Answer 24

First impression is more important than subsequent impressions

Question 25

Recency effect

Answer 25

The most recent information that we have is the most important informing our impressions

Question 26

Reliance on Central traits

Answer 26

The judgment of somebody that focuses on personal characteristics that matter to the perceiver

Question 27

Halo effect

Answer 27

When someone is viewed in a positive light, then positivity is reflected in further judgment.

Question 28

Just world hypothesis

Answer 28

Good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people. Karma

Question 29

Self-serving bias

Answer 29

People will view their own successes as being due to internal factors of you and failures as a cause of external factors

Question 30

Attribution theory

Answer 30

Individuals in for the others behaviors are caused by internal (DISPOSITIONAL) and external (SITUATIONAL) factors

Question 31

Correspondent inference theory

Answer 31

Correlate unexpected actions with a persons personality rather than some outside reasons.

Question 32

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 32

Attributing others’ actions typically more towards dispositional factors in one own behaviors based on situational factors

Question 33

Attribution substitution

Answer 33

Making an easy choice or heuristic for a very complex problem.

Question 34

Stereotypes

Answer 34

Attitudes and impressions are made based on the limited and superficial information about a person or group

Question 35

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 35

Because of external pressures or stereotypes, someone performs in the manner of those stereotypes.

Question 36

Prejudice

Answer 36

Irrational positive or negative attitude towards a specific person or group prior to actually experiencing them

Question 37

Ethnocentrism

Answer 37

The practice of making judgments about other cultures based on the values held in one’s own culture

Question 38

In group

Answer 38

The social group with which a person experiences a sense of belonging

Question 39

Out group

Answer 39

The social group with which an individual does not identify

Question 40

Cultural relativism

Answer 40

The recognition that social groups and cultures should be studied on their own terms

Question 41

Discrimination

Answer 41

When prejudice causes individuals of a particular group to be treated differently than others

Question 42

Individual discrimination

Answer 42

Discrimination made by a single person. Very easy to combat because it is a single person

Question 43

Institutional discrimination

Answer 43

Discrimination by entire entire institution. Much more difficult to combat because they must deal with the entire organization