Behavioural neuroscience Flashcards
What is the definition of behavioural neuroscience?
The use of biology to study the physiological mechanism that is responsible for human behaviours.
What was ancient Egypt’s view of the brain?
they would take heart and liver, take out of the body preserve it and put it back- not the brain. Though they recognized that it was partly responsible for movement and stuff, they didn’t think it had anything to do with the mind.
What did Cajal discover and how?
he used black room chemicals to stain part of the brain- found out units - neurons.
_____ ____ is how neurons communicate through the network.
neural transmission
The _____ neurons travels from the muscles to the brain.
The _____ type of neurons travels from the brain to the muscles.
_____ are responsible for the connections between the neurons.
sensory
motor
interneurons
The dendrites send the signals to the ____.
The soma ___ the signal and makes a ____.
The _____ signals away from the soma.
The ____ ___ insulates the axon with ___ and ___ to make the signal faster.
Soma
processes decision
axon
myelin sheath - fat and protein
To study axon’s scientist used an animal, what was it and why did they use this one even though it was hard to find?
giant squid
cause huge axon
What discovery was made with the axon of the giant squid?
electrical signals are sent down the axon
During the _____ _____ phase, also the fisrt phase, the ions add up to ___mV.
resting potential
-70
during the second phase, the _____ ____ _____ phase, the _____ opens to let in _____ ions until it reaches ___mV. Then, theres a spike until it reaches ___mV
action potential initiation membrane positive -55 40
We say that the action potential is an __________ law, because if it doesnt reach ___mV, the action doesnt tak place.
all-or-none
40
the third phase is called the ____ ___ ___ phase, because while one section ______ (more ____ ions), it stimulates the next section. Then the neurons will ____ to reach the next step.
spreading action potential
depolarizes
positive
repolarize
The last step is called the ___ ____ ___. The neurons will be, for a short period, ______, which means below -70mV. During this period, they ____ fire.
recovery period phase
hyperpolarized
cant
The neurotransmitters needs to fit in the ____ __, like a lock and key, for the communication to occur.
receptor site
Name and explain the 2 ways for a neurotransmitter to be dealt with after communication.
1- broken down by enzymes and trashed
2- reuptake: recycled by the presynaptic neuron
