Behaviourist Approach Flashcards

(18 cards)

1
Q

Who founded it?

A

JB Watson

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2
Q

When was it founded?

A

1915

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3
Q

Classical conditioning

A

A learning process which builds up an association between 2 stimuli through repeated pairings.

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4
Q

Stimulus

A

Anything in the environment that is detectable by the senses

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5
Q

Response

A

Any reaction in the presence of the stimulus

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5
Q

Neutral Stimulus

A

A stimulus which does not naturally produce a response

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6
Q

Unconditioned Stimulus

A

A stimulus which produces a reflex action

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7
Q

Unconditioned Response

A

A innate reflex response

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8
Q

Conditioned Stimulus

A

The stimulus which produces the learned response after an association has taken place

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9
Q

Conditioned Response

A

A learned response

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10
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

Encouraging a behaviour to happen again

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11
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Increases likelihood of a response occurring because it involves a reward for the behaviour

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12
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Increases the likelihood of a behaviour as an unpleasant conseqence is removed

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13
Q

Punishment

A

Decreases the likelihood of a response occurring

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14
Q

Negative punishment

A

taking something admirable away to reduce the liklihood of a behaviour

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15
Q

Positive punishment

A

Decreasing the liklihood of a behvaiour by receiving something unpleasant

16
Q

Describe Pavlov’s Dog Study

A
  • Pavlov would ring a bell and feed his dogs food. Over time, the dogs learned to associate the bell with food and would begin to salivate when they heard the bell
  • Meat (UCS) + Salivate (UCR)
  • Bell (NS) + Meat (UCS) = Salivate (UCR)
  • Bell (CS) = Salivate (CR)
17
Q

Describe Skinners Box Study

A
  • An animal is placed in the box and trained to perform a desired behaviour through reinforcement.

Positive Reinforcement = Receiving food when pressing down on a lever.

Negative Reinforcement = Stopping an electric shock when pressing down on a lever.