Bio Test #4

Question 1

Organic Compounds

Answer 1

Compounds that contain carbon found in living organisms

Question 2

What are inorganic compounds that contain carbon, that is found in living organisms?

Answer 2

CO2 (carbon dioxide), CO3 (carbonate),& HCO3 (bio carbonate)

Question 3

What are the 3 main organic compounds?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids

Question 4

What are characteristics of organic compounds?

Answer 4

Large & seem very complex, but in reality they are built using small & relatively simple monomers

Question 5

Monomers

Answer 5

Subunits

Question 6

Polymers

Answer 6

Monomers joined together

Question 7

What are monomers for carbohydrates?

Answer 7

Glucose
Ribose
Fructose

Question 8

How many carbon compounds does glucose contain?

Answer 8

C6H12O6; 6 carbon compounds

Question 9

How many carbon compounds does ribose contain?

Answer 9

C5H10O5; 5 carbon compound

Question 10

What are functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 10

Quick form of energy, transport energy, stores energy

Question 11

Saccharides

Answer 11

Another word carbohydrates

Question 12

What are monomers of protein?

Answer 12

Amino acids

Question 13

Protein

Answer 13

Amino acids joined together

Question 14

Peptide

Answer 14

Another word for amino acids

Question 15

How are amino acids joined together?

Answer 15

By a condensation reaction

Question 16

Peptide bond

Answer 16

A covalent bond between two amino acids

Question 17

What are functions of protein?

Answer 17

They control the rate of reaction, proteins are a part of bones & muscles, transport things in and out of cells, help fight diseases

Question 18

What are monomers of lipids?

Answer 18

Glycerol & fatty acid

Question 19

Glycerides

Answer 19

Another word for lipids

Question 20

Monoglyceride

Answer 20

1 fatty acid chain linked to glycerol

Question 21

Diglyceride

Answer 21

2 fatty acid chains added to the glycerol

Question 22

Triglyceride

Answer 22

3 fatty acid chains are added to the glycerol

Question 23

What can lipids be?

Answer 23

Saturated or unsaturated

Question 24

Saturated

Answer 24

With hydrogen

Question 25

Unsaturated

Answer 25

Fatty acid train loses some hydrogen & forms double bonds between carbon, there can be more than one double bond

Question 26

What are the functions of lipids?

Answer 26

Long term energy storage, water proof covering on leaves (wax), heat insulation, buoyancy, part of cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)

Question 27

Heat insulation

Answer 27

Fat under skin reduced heat loss

Question 28

Buoyancy

Answer 28

Fat is less dense than water & it helps them float

Question 29

How are carbs different than lipids in energy storage?

Answer 29

Easily digested (energy can be released more quickly same); soluble in water, so they are easier to transport; short term energy

Question 30

How are lipids different than carbs in energy storage?

Answer 30

Cannot be digested as easily but they contain more energy per gram, so storage of lipids is lighter than carbohydrates for the amount of energy; in soluble in water so they do not cause problem w/ osmosis in cells; long term energy

Question 31

Indicator

Answer 31

Chemical substances that react w/ specific compounds (they change color when they react w/ a specific compound (the color change indicates presence of that compound))