BioCog 1B structure and function of nerve cells Flashcards
1
Q
ionic bonds
A
- by electrostatic force
2
Q
convalent bonds
A
- sharing electrodes
3
Q
glucose
A
= sugar
4
Q
lipids
A
= fats
- long carbon chains
- hydrophobic
5
Q
phospholipids
A
- carbon chains with added phosphor
- form cell membrane
- waterrepellend at the outside
6
Q
some
A
- cell body
7
Q
endoplasmatic reticulum
A
- produce, strore, transport proteins
- inside soma
8
Q
golgi apparatus
A
- puts NT in vesicles
9
Q
mitochondria
A
- produce ATP
10
Q
lysomes
A
- process waste
11
Q
microtubuli
A
- transport vesicles
12
Q
ribosomes
A
- read out mRNA
- produce proteins
13
Q
kinesin
A
- from soma to terminal buttons
14
Q
dynein
A
- from terminal buttons to soma
15
Q
sequence in nerve cell
A
- dendrites
- soma integration
- axon
- terminal buttons
16
Q
oligodendrocytes
A
- macroglia
- myelin sheaths
- CNS
17
Q
Schwann cells
A
- macroglia
- myelin sheaths
- PNS
18
Q
astrocytes s
A
- macroglia
- support
- insulate
- build blood-brain barrier (BBB)
19
Q
forces enabling membrane potential
A
- diffusion
- electrostatic force
20
Q
Na+
A
= natrium
outside of cell
transported back by pump
21
Q
K+
A
= potassium
inside of cell
retained by electrostatic force
22
Q
Cl-
A
= calcium
outside of cell
retained by electrostatic force
23
Q
outside cell
A
- more Na+, pumped back
- more Cl-, retained electrically
24
Q
inside cell
A
- more K+, retained electrically
- more A-, cant pass membrane
25
all-or-none
- potential only when threshold is reaches
| - -60mV
26
actin potential
1. Na+ open, depolatisation
2. K+ open, counteract
3. Na+ close
4. hypopolarisation
5. K+ close
27
direct conduction
- slow
| - inefficient
28
passive conduction
- no new potentials
| - decay
29
saltatory conduction
- new potentials at each node of Ranvier
| - best conduction
30
macroglia
oligodendrites
Schwann cells
astrocytes
