BioCog 9B language biological Flashcards
1
Q
lateralization
A
- one hemisphere is dominant
2
Q
lateralization of language
A
- in most cases left hemisphere dominant
- right also possible
- being left handed increases that chance
3
Q
WADA
A
- test to figure out dominant language hemisphere
- one hemisphere is anesthezised
4
Q
other methods than WADA
A
- TMS
- neuroimaging
5
Q
ambidextrous
A
- both-handed
6
Q
Wernicke-Geschwind model
A
- Wernickes for meaning
- gets signal from ears
- Brocas makes words
- executes them via motor cortex
7
Q
Brocas
A
- mainly for grammar and verbs
8
Q
arcualte fasciculus
A
- transfer of meaning from Wernickes to Brocas
9
Q
most common cause for aphasias
A
- stroke / infarct
10
Q
apraxia of speech
A
- no cognitive impairement
- primary motor cortex damage
11
Q
anomic aphasia
A
- problems finding certain words
- which ones depends on brain area
- f.e. inferior temporal = objects,
- Brocas = verbs -> averbia
12
Q
posterior language area
A
words meaning
13
Q
Wernickes
A
- words recognition
14
Q
pure words deafness
A
= PWD
- no understanding of spoken language
15
Q
transcortical sensory aphasia
A
- no understanding of spoken and written language
- posterior language area damage
16
Q
Wernickes aphasia
A
- pure words deafness + transcortical sensory aphasia
- no understanding at all
- no meaningfull speech
17
Q
conduction aphasia
A
- no repetition of speech
- arcuate fiscuculus damage
18
Q
Brocas aphasia
A
- no rhythm, prosody and grammar
- Brocas area damage
19
Q
insula
A
- problems articulation
- small lesion in Brocas
20
Q
phonological reading
A
- sounding out each letter
- children learn reading that way
- dorsal stream
- tempoparietal cortex
- inferior frontal cortex
21
Q
whole-word reading
A
- recognizing known words as a whole
- ventral stream
22
Q
visual word form area
A
= VWFA
- recognizing letters
23
Q
surface dylexia
A
- no whole-word reading
24
Q
phonological dyslexia
A
- no phonetic reading
- no aquirng of new words
25
direct dyslexia
- meaningless speech
| - no understanding of others speach
26
developmental dyslexia
- congenital phonological dyslexia
| - you dont learn reading
27
deep orthgraphy
- little correspondence between letters and pronounciaton
- f.e. English, French
- problematic with dyslexia
28
shallow orthography
- letters equal pronounciation
- f.e. Italian, Japanese kanji
- no problem with dyslexia
29
orthographical dysgraphia
- no whole-word spelling
| - posterior inferior temporal cortex damage
30
phonological dysgraphia
- problems with new words
| - superior temporal cortex damage
31
difference reading and hearing in brain
- little difference besides input
| - only Brocas is less active
