biological approach ao1

Question 1

biological approach basic assumptions

Answer 1

everything psychological was first biological
all beh has a biological basis
to understand beh we must look to biological struc and processes

Question 2

genotype

Answer 2

genetic makeup

Question 3

phenotype

Answer 3

physical charcteristics shown that have occured due to genses and environemt

Question 4

true or false - mz twins have different genotypes

Answer 4

flase - mz twins have same genotype

Question 5

in what instance would a genotype for certain characteristic not be expressed

Answer 5

if optimum conditions not provided expression may not be fufilled

Question 6

how are reseach on twins studies done

Answer 6

by comparing concoordance rates of a trait in mz and dz twins

Question 7

why are twin studies

Answer 7

to investigate if behavioural/psychological can be inherited

Question 8

define concoordance rate

Answer 8

rate of shared beh in twins

Question 9

what does high concoordance rate show

Answer 9

may be genetic element to whats been studied

Question 10

what are mz and dz twins

Answer 10

mz - identical
z twins - non identical

Question 11

example of high condoorfance rate in mz

Answer 11

dev of schizophrenia

Question 12

reseach on mz twin study - depression

Answer 12

mcgruffin et al 1996
if one mz twin has depression 46% chance other twin does too

Question 13

who is linked to evolutionary psych and what is there ideac

Answer 13

charles darwin
natural selection

Question 14

natural selection generally

Answer 14

all living species got to the form they are in now through historical process involving random inheritable changes

Question 15

in depth natural selection

Answer 15

mutation in makeup = new characteristic/beh change
if this change increases survial chance more likely to be passed on

Question 16

example of nat selection

Answer 16

passing on of aggression
seen to increase survial in finding resources being attractive to mating partners
thus genes reproduced in offsping

Question 17

genetic basis of aggression

Answer 17

warrior gene - MAOA found in 1/3 gene
lea et al
2005/2006

Question 18

list reseach methods in biological app

Answer 18

animal stuides
case stufeies
drugs
scans
twin studies

Question 19

how are animal stfuies used in bio app

Answer 19

investigate biolofical mechasnims that govern beh where ethical guidlines wouldnt allow in humans

Question 20

how are case stfuies used in bio app

Answer 20

investigating normal beh by observinf abnormal
eg phinneas cage

Question 21

how are drugs used in bio app
reseach meth

Answer 21

behavioursl changes = change in biochemisry
lead to dev of drugs to improve health

Question 22

how are scans used in bio app
reseach meth

Answer 22

localisation of brain function - identify func of specifc reigons
brain activity gauged by pet scan mri cat scan

Question 23

how are twin studies used in bio app
reseach meth

Answer 23

inheritability of beh
using concoordance rates

Question 24

what does nervous system do

Answer 24

sends messages back n forth bet brain and body

Question 25

nervous system broken down into...

Answer 25

pns cns

Question 26

cns brokwn down into

Answer 26

brain spinal cord

Question 27

pns broken down into

Answer 27

somatic nervous sys autonomic nervous sys

Question 28

autonomic ns broken down into

Answer 28

parasympathetic ns sympathetic ns

Question 29

cns func

Answer 29

sends messages bet brain and spinal cord to the environemt controls breathinfg anf heartbeat

Question 30

pns func

Answer 30

sends and recives info to and from cns connection to rest of body ns 4 limbs and torso which collects info from environment eg temp threat pain

Question 31

autonomic ns

Answer 31

responsibel 4 reac 2 threat amd then return back 2 survival

Question 32

somatic ns

Answer 32

transmjts sensory info from body 2 brain then transmists from brain to muscles it intergrates brain to outside world

Question 33

via neuro chem mental disoders caused by

Answer 33

imbalances in neurotransmitters

Question 34

2 neurotransmitters

Answer 34

serotonin dopamine

Question 35

descibe serotonin

Answer 35

natural mood stabiliser helps w sleep and digestion

Question 36

normal levels of serotonin allow you to feel

Answer 36

happier calmer focusedb

Question 37

describe dopamine and examples

Answer 37

controls brains pleasure and reward centre eg gambling winning eating sweets

Question 38

low levels of dopamine lead to

Answer 38

parkinsons schizophrenia anxiey more prone 2 addiction

Question 39

high levls of dopamine lesd 2

Answer 39

agitation

Question 40

descibe endocrine sys

Answer 40

maintains hormome levels done using pituatry gland - master gland