biological molecules, diet components (2.7-2.9, 2.24, 2.25)- needs more until 2.33B Flashcards
(20 cards)
what are carbohydrates made of
CHO
what are the smallest units of carbohydrates
glucose and fructose
what type of carbohydrate is stored in plants
starch
what type of carbohydrate is stored in animals and fungi
glycogen
what elements are lipids made of
CHO
what structures are lipids made up of
3 fatty acids joined to a glycerol molecule
what are some functions of lipids
energy storage
thermal insulation
electrical insulation- around nerve cells
what elements are proteins made of
CHON
what structures are proteins made of
many amino acids joined together
what are some functions of proteins
controlling chemical reactions,
messenger molecules
growth and repair
combating disease
what is the function of iron
forms the part of haemoglobin which binds to oxygen
what is the deficiency for iron
anaemia
what is the function of calcium
needed to form bones and teeth
what is the deficiency for calcium
rickets
what is the use of vitamin A
making a chemical in the retina and protects the surface of the eye
what is the deficiency for vitamin A
Night blindness and damaged cornea
what is the use of vitamin C
Needed for cells and tissues to stick together
what is the deficiency for vitamin C
scurvy
what is the use of vitamin D
Needed to absorb calcium and phosphate ions from food
what is the deficiency for vitamin D
Rickets caused by bone weakness
