Biological Molecules - Nucleic Acids: Key Terms Flashcards
Phosphodiester bond
The bond formed between two mononucleotides.
Polynucleotide
A long chain of mononucleotides.
Complementary
The way to describe the pairing between bases.
Nuclear division
The process by which the nucleus divides: mitosis or meiosis.
Cytokinesis
Follows nuclear division, process by which the whole cell divides.
Semi-conservative replication
The process by which DNA is replicated, where one strand of the parent molecule is in the daughter molecule.
DNA helicase
The enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds that link base pairs in DNA.
DNA polymerase
The enzyme that forms the ‘missing’ polynucleotide strand on each of the two original polynucleotide strands in semi-conservative replication.
ATP hydrolase
The enzyme that catalyses the reaction that converts ATP to ADP.
ATP synthase
The enzyme that catalyses the reaction that converts ADP to ATP.
