Biosecurity Considerations

Question 1

ICPB

Answer 1

Infection Control, Prevention, and Biosecurity.

Question 2

HAI

Answer 2

Hospital Acquired Infection.
*Nosocomial Infection.

Question 3

AHS

Answer 3

Alcohol-based Hand Sanitizer.

Question 4

ICP

Answer 4

Infection Control Practitioner.

Question 5

PPE

Answer 5

Personal Protective Equipment.

Question 6

MDR

Answer 6

Multi-Drug Resistant.

Question 7

MRSP

Answer 7

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudointermedius.
*Related to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 8

SOP

Answer 8

Standard Operating Procedure.

Question 9

What are the objectives of biosecurity?

Answer 9

1. Public Health (Zoonotic diseases).
2. Animal Health.
3. Animal Welfare.
4. Nosocomial infections (HAI).

Question 10

What are the 2 components of ICPB?

Answer 10

1. Elevate the effectiveness of infection control practices.
2. Limit pathogen introduction, exposure, and transmission.

Question 11

What are the routes of infection?

Answer 11

1. Direct contact.
2. Fomites.
3. Aerosol.
4. Oral.
5. Vector borne.
6. Zoonotic.

Question 12

What is the hierarchy of controls from most to least effective?

Answer 12

1. Elimination.
2. Administrative controls.
3. Engineering controls.
4. PPE.

Question 13

What is the elimination control?

Answer 13

Removing or preventing the entry of the pathogen.

Question 14

How is the elimination control enacted?

Answer 14

1. Keeping infectious animals out of facilities.
2. Mandate quarantine periods.
3. Establish pest management practices.
   *Difficult to implement and only able to realistically protect a general population.

Question 15

What is the engineering controls control?

Answer 15

Designing and setting up hospitals to remove the opportunity for pathogen exposure at the source or for improving compliance.

Question 16

How is the engineering controls control implemented?

Answer 16

Having an isolation space with dedicated equipment.

Question 17

What are the parameters that an isolation space should follow?

Answer 17

1. Non-porous material utilized.
2. Alternative entrance that is not connected to the main facility.
3. Disinfection of all materials in close proximity to the isolation space.
4. Negative pressure ventilation with a ventilation system that is specific to the isolation area.

Question 18

What is the administrative controls control?

Answer 18

Work policies and procedures that prevent pathogen exposure.

Question 19

How is the administrative controls control implemented?

Answer 19

1. Ensuring laundry and waste are handled properly.
2. Have clear disinfection protocols for facilities and equipment.
3. Considering rabies vaccines for all staff.
4. Having written infectious control protocols.
5. Requiring hand hygiene between animals.
6. Using proper signage.
7. Limiting staff contact with contagious animals.
8. Properly training staff.

Question 20

What is the PPE control?

Answer 20

Using the proper level of PPE to prevent pathogen exposure and transmission.
*Least effective but critical for effective control of infectious disease spread.

Question 21

How is the PPE control implemented?

Answer 21

1. Having the correct levels of PPE in the correct locations.
2. Training staff on what the proper level of PPE is for the pathogen they are working with.
3. Training staff on the proper protocols for what to do if their PPE is compromised.

Question 22

What is PPE?

Answer 22

Specialized equipment and clothing to protect personnel and patients.
ex: Gowns, gloves, face masks, eye protection.

Question 23

What is the purpose of PPE?

Answer 23

To create a barrier between staff and infectious agents.