Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of blood

A

Transportation
Regulation
Protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Transportation

A

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, waste products, hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Regulation

A

Maintains body temp
Maintains normal pH in body tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Protection

A

Controls bleeding (clotting process)
Defends from infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Components of blood

A

Plasma (55%)
Formed elements (45%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plasma

A

Clear , extraceular matrix
Proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, hormones and gases
Albumin- main protein in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Formed elements

A

Cells and cell fragments
Erythrocytes (red blood cells or RBC)
Leukocytes (white blood cells)
Platelets (thrombocytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hemopoesis

A

Formation of blood cells
Red bone marrow; produces all types of blood cells
Lymphatic tissue; produced lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Red blood cells

A

Deliver oxygen to cells
Remove carbon dioxide
Shaped for optimum gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Groups of protein chains (globin) with iron containing heme bound to them
Oxygen binds to the heme and is transported through the body
When the oxygen is released, carbon dioxide bonds to the globin to go back to the lungs for release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the extraceullur matrix of blood

A

Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Erythropoietin (EOP)

A

Red blood cells
Hormone produced and released by the kidneys
When RBC are low EPO stimulate the bone marrow to make more erythrocytes
When RBC are old, the liver and spleen destroy them and break up their components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Red blood cell life cycle

A

O2 levels decrease
Kidneys secrete erythropoietin
Bone marrow creates erythrocytes
Reticulocytes are released, they mature into RBC
O2 levels increase ; EOP and RBC production decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Breakdown of RBC

A

Macrophages in liver and spleen ingest and destroy old RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Globin

A

Amino acids (Caries carbon dioxide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Heme

A

Iron and bilirubin (Caries oxygen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

White blood cells

A

-Leukocytes
-Protect the body against pathogens (disease causing viruses)
-granulocytes
Agranulocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Granulocytes

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils(red stain), and basophils(take the blue in colour)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Agranulocytes

A

Lymphocytes and monocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Basophils

A

Involved in secreting heparin and histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Eosinophils

A

Involved in allergic reactions; kill parasites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Neutrophils

A

Migrate out of blood vessels to engulf and digest foreign material
Most abundant WBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Lymphocytes

A

T lymphocytes are involved in attacking infected or cancerous cells
B lymphocytes produce/forming antibodies to specific antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Monocytes

A

Migrate into tissues to become macrophages that ingest bacteria, cellular debris and cancerous cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Plateletes

A

Formation of blood clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Homeostasis steps

A
  1. Vascular spasm
  2. Formation of platelet plug
  3. Formation of blood clot
  4. Dissolution of the blood clot ; fibrinolysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Vascular spasm

A

Constricts the blood vessel to slow the flow of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Formation of a platelet plug

A

Rough collagen fibers in the injured blood vessels triggers plateletes passing by to become “stick plateletes” which forms a temporary seal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Formation of blood clot

A

Fibrin threads from a “web” at the injury site to catch passing RBCs and plateletes to form the blood clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Dissolution of the blood clot

A

Plasmin dissolves the fibrin mesh work and the clot breaks up after the vessel has healed

31
Q

Dissolution of blood clots

A
  1. Platelets contract
  2. Fibrinolysis (plasmin works to dissolve the fibrin mesh work, and the clot breaks up)
32
Q

Factors that discourage blood clots

A

Smooth endothelium
Blood flow
Anticoagulants

33
Q

What is the first step in homeostasis

A

Vascular spasm

34
Q

What secretes heparin

A

Basophils

35
Q

Involved in allergic reactions

A

Eosinophils

36
Q

Attack infected cells

A

Lymphocytes

37
Q

Most abundant blood cell

A

RBC

38
Q

Migrate into tissues to ingest bacteria

A

Monocytes

39
Q

Produce antibodies to specific antigens

A

Lymphocytes

40
Q

Involved in clotting process

A

Thrombocytes

41
Q

Most abundant WBC

A

Neutrophils

42
Q

Which blood type has no antibodies

A

AB

43
Q

Which blood type has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

A

O

44
Q

Which blood type has anti-A antibodies

A

B

45
Q

Which blood type has anti-B antibodies

A

A

46
Q

Rh group

A

This is the positive or negative
Rh positive blood contains the Rh antigen
Rh negative blood lacks this specific antigen

47
Q

Layers of the heart wall

A

Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

48
Q

Epicardium

A

Also the visceral layer of the serous pericardium and covers the hearts surface

49
Q

Myocardium

A

Composed of cardiac muscles

50
Q

Endocardium

A

Likes the atria and ventricles , as well as the valves

51
Q

Heart structures

A

Pericardium
Fibrous pericardium
Serous pericardium
Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium
Pericardial cavity

52
Q

Fibrous pericardium

A

Outer most layer

53
Q

Serous pericardium

A

Inner layer

54
Q

Visceral pericardium

A

Liked the heart

55
Q

Parietal pericardium

A

Lines the inside of the fibrous pericardium

56
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Fluid filled space between the two layers of the serous pericardium

57
Q

The sac surrounding the heatt

A

Pericardium

58
Q

Atria

A

Atria served as reservoirs, receiving blood from the body or lungs
Separates by internal septum

59
Q

Ventricles

A

Receive blood from the atria and pump it into the lungs (right ventricle) or the body (left ventricle)
Separates by the interventicular septum

60
Q

What is the functional difference between the atria and ventricles

A

Atria receives blood
Ventricles pump blood

61
Q

Artery (blue)

A

Carrie’s deoxygenated blood

62
Q

Vein (red)

A

Oxygenated blood

63
Q

Atrioventricular valves

A

Tricuspid (right AV) valve
Mitral or bicuspid (left AV) valve

64
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve

65
Q

Blood flow through the heart (RIGHT)

A
  1. SVC/IVC
  2. Right atrium
  3. Tricuspid valve
  4. Right ventricle
  5. Pulmonary valve
  6. Pulmonary artery
66
Q

Blood flow through the LEFT

A
  1. Pulmonary vein
  2. Left atrium
  3. Bicuspid / mitral valve
  4. Left ventricle
  5. Aortic valve
  6. Aorta
67
Q

Main coronary arteries

A

Right coronary artery
Left coronary artery

68
Q

Two main branches coronary circulation

A

Anterior descending
Circumflex arteries

69
Q

Coronary sinus

A

The large transverse vein on the hearts posterior that returns blood from the coronary arteries to the right atrium

70
Q

Which great vessel supplies blood to the right atrium

A

Superior and inferior vena cava

71
Q

What is the proccess of cardiac conduction, starting with where the impulse arises ?

A
72
Q

Two phases of heart beat

A

Systole (contraction phase)
Diastole (relaxation phase)
“Lubb dupp” (valves closing)

73
Q

What is the hearts primary pacemaker

A

Sinoatrial node

Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions