Blood Components Flashcards
(12 cards)
1
Q
What are the four components of blood
A
- red blood cells ( erythrocytes )
- white blood cells ( leukocytes )
- platelets
- plasma
2
Q
Percentages of blood
A
55% is fluid as plasma and the other 45% is blood cells
3
Q
Plasma
A
55%, 90% is water and 10% dissolved substances
4
Q
Blood cells
A
45%- red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
5
Q
Red blood cells (erythrocytes )
A
- make up 99% of blood cells, main function is to transport oxygen, each red blood cell can transport 4 oxygen molecules
- contains pigment called hemoglobin
- called oxyhemoglobin when bonded to oxygen and is bright red in colour
- no nucleus
- when they die they are absorbed by the liver
6
Q
Anemia
A
You have too few red blood cells or too little hemoglobin, less oxygen is transported
- may be caused by an iron deficiency
- symptoms include feeling tired, pale skin, and headaches
7
Q
White blood cells
A
- larger than red blood cells, around 1% of blood
- there is 1 white blood cell for every 600 red blood cells
- responsible for defence
- has a nucleus and is non uniform in shape
8
Q
Leukaemia
A
- bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells ( cancer of the blood )
- symptoms include fever, chills, fatigue, easy bleeding
9
Q
Platelets
A
- have no nucleus
- fragments of cells formed when larger cells in the bone marrow split apart
- irregular shaped, very fragile and responsible for blood clotting reaction
- injury triggers enzyme reactions that attract platelets
10
Q
A
11
Q
Cardiovascular disorders
A
Atherosclerosis- hardening of arteries due to plaque
Coronary heart disease- restricted blood flow to the heart
Heart attack- no blood flow to coronary artery
Stroke- no blood flow to brain
Aneurism- bulging of artery
Septal defect- septum not completely closed
12
Q
Plaque and cholesterol
A
- cholesterol that is deposited on the artery is called plaque
