DNA

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

• composed of nucleotides- phosphate, sugar, and 1 nitrogen base
• sugar and phosphate molecules form the backbone of ladder
• nitrogen bases form the rungs

Question 2

4 nitrogen bases

Answer 2

A G T and C with their respective names

• when two nitrogen bases join the form a base pair

A is able to bond with T

C is able to bond only with G

Question 3

The genetic code

Answer 3

A protein is a chain of amino acids, each amino acid is coded by 3 bases together = the dna Triplett code

Question 4

Mutations and genetic diseases

Answer 4

Mutations are a change in the sequence of bases in the DNA, most occur naturally or due to radiation, each change is carried to the next generation

Question 5

Two types of mutations

Answer 5

Point mutation- substitution of one base for another- affects protein functioning

Frameshift mutation- adding or deleting a base during replication- results in an altered or incomplete amino acid chain

Question 6

What happens if a mutation is in a somatic or sex cell

Answer 6

It usually dies