blood supply, meninges and spinal fluid

Question 1

Main arteries to the brain

Answer 1

two internal carotids and two vertebral arteries

vertebral artery changes its name from basilar artery (in the pons) to posterior cerebral artery (in cerebrum)

Question 2

effects of right carotid artery blockage

Answer 2

weakness/loss of sensation of left side (front cerebrum)

Question 3

effects of blockage of vertebral artery

Answer 3

visual loss, dizziness (fx occipital lobe, brain stem and cerebellum)

Question 4

parts of the carotid artery

Answer 4

middle cerebral artery occupies the lateral surface of the cerebrum
anterior cerebral artery, midline of cerebrum (if damaged causes lower extremity weakness/loss of sensation
MCA damage weakness/loss of sensation in upper body

Question 5

right carotid circulation

Answer 5

basilar artery, to subclavian, to right vertebral artery and right carotid artery

Question 6

left carotid circulation

Answer 6

arises from the aorta

Question 7

cerebellar arteries

Answer 7

superior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery, posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 8

meninges

Answer 8

pia contains circle of willis hugs the brain
arachnoid- spider web, avascular
dura lies against skull, double layer of connective tissue with venous channels called sinuses

Question 9

dural lining of brain

Answer 9

between the hemispheres forms the falx cerebri

between cerebrum and cerebellum is tentorium cerebelli

Question 10

the three main sinuses

Answer 10

superior sagittal sinus where CSF drains
cavernous sinus where venous blood drains from the eye, carotid and cranial nerves run by it
transverse sinus runs by the ear
drain into the internal jugulars

Question 11

how does CSF drain out of the fourth ventricle

Answer 11

via middle foramen of magendie, and two lateral foramena of Luschka, then the subarachnoid space to the superior sagittal sinus and through the arachnoid villi

Question 12

what are cisterns

Answer 12

expanded areas of subarachnoid space, largest is lumbar cistern L2-S2 in adults

Question 13

types of hemorrhages

Answer 13

subarachnoid- usually from leaky aneurysm in region of Willis- p/w backache/neck ache
subdural-usually from tearing of bridging veins that connect brain and dural sinuses
epidural-blood collects between dura and the bone, esp from torn middle meningeal artery, usually with skull fracture

Question 14

internal capsule

Answer 14

narrow zone that funnels motor and sensory fibers that converge upon the brain stem from the cerebral cortex, each cerebral hemisphere contains one capsule, situated deep in the brain by Circle of Willis

Question 15

arteries supplying the internal capsule

Answer 15

anterior choroidal artery and striate arteries