cerebellum, basal ganglia and thalamus

Question 1

function of the thalamus

Answer 1

sensory relay and integrative center between
cerebrum basal ganglia, hypothalamus and brain stem
can perceive but not localize pain

Question 2

path of sensory fibers to

Answer 2

ascend through brain stem, synapse in thalamus then internal capsule to cortex

Question 3

path of motor fibers

Answer 3

from cortex to internal capsule to brain stem

Question 4

cerebellar disorder characterization

Answer 4

usually characterized by awkwardness of intentional movements.
decreased tendon reflexes on affected side
intention tremor (with purposeful movement
nystagmus

Question 5

ataxia

Answer 5

awkwardness of posture and gait,
tend to fall to same side as cerebellar lesion
poor coordination, overshooting object ( dysmetria)
inability to perform rapid alternating movements
scanning speech d/t awkward speech muscles (irregularly spaced sounds)

Question 6

dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 6

inability to perform rapid alternating movements

Question 7

asthenia

Answer 7

cerebellar sign- muscles tire more easily

Question 8

basal ganglia disorders

Answer 8

meaningless unintentional movements occurring unexpectedly

parkonsonism, chorea, athetosis, hemiballismus

Question 9

parkinsonism

Answer 9

caused by degeneration of basal ganglia and substantia nigra of midbrain rigidity, slowness, resting tremor, mask like facies, shuffling gait

Question 10

chorea

Answer 10

sudden jerky and purposeless movements - basal ganglia

Question 11

athetosis

Answer 11

slow writhing snake like movements, especially of fingers and wrists- basal ganglia

Question 12

hemiballismus

Answer 12

a sudden wild flail like movement of one arm- basal ganglia

Question 13

Romberg positive

Answer 13

if patient sways back and forth with eyes closed but not eyes open

Question 14

what conditions cause positive romberg

Answer 14

proprioceptive and vestibular defects

keeping balance requires 2 of 3 senses- vision, vestibular and proprioception- feed through cerebellum

Question 15

how can you tell the difference between a proprioceptive vs. vestibular defect

Answer 15

proprio- difficulty in telling if toe flexed or extended

vestibular- vertigo, nystagmus