Bone Marrow Flashcards
(19 cards)
Where are 2 locations bone marrow aspirates are commonly taken from?
- Trochanertic fossa
- Humerus
What are 5 conditions you may use a bone marrow aspirate for?
- Non-regenerative anemia
- Neutropenia
- Thrombocytopenia
- Suspected neoplasia or monoclonal gammopathy
- To better classify leukemia
What size gauge needles are used for bone marrow biopsy?
16-22 gauge
What do you want to avoid when taking a bone marrow aspirate?
Diluting with blood.
How long would you have to make a smear of a bone marrow sample?
about 30 seconds
If not making films right away, what do you use on the bone marrow sample?
EDTA
If you can’t take an aspirate, what do you do?
Take a core biopsy.
How do you dry a bone marrow aspirate?
Air dry
what do you stain the bone marrow aspirate with?
Wright’s stain
At what point do you stop to avoid diluting a bone marrow sample with blood?
Stop when you have 2 to 3 drops of blood.
How do you prepare a bone marrow pull film?
Place one drop of marrow on slide.
Place another slide on tope of the drop, pull apart gently.
Where is a location on the hip that a bone marrow aspirate can be taken from?
Wing of the ilium
What are 8 things you want to know from the bone marrow aspirate?
- Cellularity
- Presence of megakaryocytes
- Presence of iron stores
- Myeloid:Erythroid ration
- Orderliness & completeness of maturation
- Presence of other cells (ex-plasma cells)
- Presence of abnormal cells
- Presence of microorganisms (rare)
What is a normal range for the M:E ratio?
1:1 up to 3:1
What does the M:E ratio measure?
Number of granulocytes : nucleated erythrocytes
An increased M:E ratio could indicate what 4 conditions?
- Erythroid hypoplasia
- Erythroid aplasia
- Granulocytic hyperplasia
- Granulocytic leukemia
What are 3 possible reasons for a decreased M:E ratio?
- Regenerative anemia
- Erythroid leukemia
- Lack of production of neutrophils
What are 5 examples of other cells that can be found in a bone marrow aspirate?
- Plasma cells
- Lymphocytes
- Macrophages
- Mast cells
- Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
What are 3 examples of red cell parasites that might be found in bone marrow aspirates?
- Histoplasma capsulatum
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Leishmania donovani
