Bordeaux Quizes Flashcards
(158 cards)
1
Q
Bordeaux’s climate is fundamentally maritime - but which phenomenon regulates and tempers the climatic conditions?
A
The Gulf Stream
2
Q
What is the name of the large man-made forest to the west of Bordeaux which provides a barrier to ocean winds and storms, so protecting the region’s vineyards?
A
Les Landes
3
Q
What was the Dutch influence on Bordeaux?
A
They drained the Medoc which exposed gravel and allowed vines to grow which did not before.
4
Q
What happened in 1956?
A
Big Freeze
Killed off most of the Cot vines and Merlot was planted in its place
5
Q
Which French duchess married Henry Plantagenet in 1152, bringing her lands under English rule?
A
Eleanor of Aquitaine
6
Q
In which year did the extreme winter destroy much of the Côt crop in Bordeaux and South-West France – causing many producers to replace the grape with Merlot?
A
1956
7
Q
Which grape variety is the most widely planted in Bordeaux?
A
Merlot
8
Q
Which white grape is the primary variety for sweet wines from Bordeaux?
A
Sémillon
8
Q
What is the French term for punch downs?
A
Pigeage
9
Q
What is the French term for pump over?
A
Remontage
10
Q
What is the French term for rack and return?
A
Délestage
11
Q
How is Clairet made?
A
Similar to red wine, but short maceration 24-36 hours
Wine is then bled off skins - saignée
12
Q
What grape cannot be used for Bordeaux Moelleux
A
Alvarinho
There is no Bordeaux Supérieur dry white
13
Q
Which wine style is not included in the regional Bordeaux AOC?
A
Sparkling
14
Q
From what grapes can Bordeaux AOC rosés be made?
A
Both red and white
15
Q
Which style of wine is produced in the AOCs of the Médoc?
A
Red
16
Q
Which of the following is not a commune AOC in the Médoc?
- Saint-Estèphe
- Listrac
- Moulis-en-Médoc
- Saint-Julien
- Fronsac
A
- Fronsac
17
Q
What does Graves AOC make?
A
Red and white
18
Q
What does Sauternais make?
A
Sweet white same grapes as dry white in Graves
19
Q
Which river separates Sauternes from Barsac and helps create the humid conditions that lead to botrytis developing?
A
The Ciron
20
Q
What styles of wine is made in Graves Supérieures AOC?
A
Semi-Sweet White
21
Q
What is interesting about Cadillac AOC?
A
Requires a minimum sweetness of 5.1%
Has less potential for botrytis since less mist
22
Q
Wine style - Entre-deux-Mers
A
Dry white only
23
Q
Wine style - Cadillac, Loupiac and Sainte-Croix-du-Mont
A
Sweet-white only
24
Graves de Vayres
Dry white, Red and Semi-sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers
25
Many Entre-deux-Mers châteaux also produce red wines – which AOCs can appear on the label of these wines?
Bordeaux and Bordeaux Supérieur
26
Libournais AOC produce
Red wine only
White wines are labeled Bordeaux AOC
27
What is the dominant blend in the Libournais wines?
Merlot and Cabernet Franc
28
What does Côtes mean?
Slopes
29
Côtes de Bordeaux AOC wine style
Red wine only
5 DCGs (these can make white, sweet wine at DCG level)
30
If a bottle of wine is labeled as Côtes de Bordeaux AOC – with no qualifying DGC mentioned – what style of wine will the bottle contain?
Red only
31
Sainte-Foy Côtes de Bordeaux DCG style
Dry white, red, semi-sweet and sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers
32
Blaye Côtes de Bordeaux DCG
Red and dry whites
Right Bank
33
Cadillac Côtes de Bordeaux & Castillon Côtes de Bordeaux DGC style
Red only
34
Francs Côtes de Bordeaux style DCG
Red, dry white and sweet white
Right Bank
35
What is Cru Bourgeois?
Formal classification began in 2020 for 296 châteaux.
1. Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnels
2. Cru Bourgeois Supérieurs
3. Cru Bourgeois
36
What is Cru Artisan?
36 Small estates (1-5 ha) that are entirely responsible for the own red wine production
37
Where is the only Bordeaux location that ranks white and red, not estates?
Graves including Pessac-Léognan
Grand Cru Classé de Graves
Est 1953
"Graves Classification"
13 red and 9 white
Left Bank
38
What are Saint-Émilion Grand Crus Classes?
Est 1953, updated 2012
82 estates - 3 levels
1. Premiers Grand Crus Classés A
2. Premiers Grand Crus Classés B
3. Grand Crus Classés
39
Which areas of Bordeaux have classifications?
1. Médoc
2. Graves & Pessac-Léognan
3. Sauternes & Barsac
4. Saint-Émilion
40
Originally the 1855 Classification had just four Premiers Crus. However in 1973 a Deuxième Cru was promoted to make it five Premiers Crus. Which Châteaux was promoted?
Château Mouton-Rothschild
41
List the Médoc communes from north to south?
1. Saint-Estèphe
2. Pauillac
3. Saint-Julien
4. Listrac-Médoc
5. Moulis-en-Médoc
6. Margaux
42
What body of water separates the right and left bank in Bordeaux?
Gironde
43
Saint-Émilion Grand Cru
Merlot
Right Bank
44
Fronsac
Merlot
Right Bank
45
Margaux
CabSav
Left Bank
46
Pessac-Léognan
CabSav
Left Bank
47
Médoc
Merlot
Left Bank
48
Lalande-de-Pomerol
Merlot
Right Bank
49
Castillon Côtes de Bordeaux
Merlot
Right Bank
50
Saint-Julien
CabSav
Left Bank
51
Graves
CabSav
Left Bank
52
Saint-Estèphe
CabSav
Left Bank
53
Haut-Médoc
CabSav
Left Bank
54
Listrac-Médoc
Merlot
Left Bank
55
Pomerol
Merlot
Right Bank
56
Saint-Émilion
Merlot
Right Bank
57
Canon Fronsac
Merlot
58
Moulis-en-Médoc
Merlot
Left Bank
59
Pauillac
CabSav
Left Bank
60
Bordeaux Haut-Benauge
DCG
Dry and semi-sweet wines
Entre-deux-Mers
61
Entre-deux-Mers
Dry White Wine
25% of all dry white in Bordeaux
62
Cadillac Côtes de Bordeaux
Red - Merlot dominate with some CabSav (gravel soils)
Entre-deux-Mers
63
Cadillac
Sweet wine (5.1%)
Entre-deux-Mers
64
Bordeaux Haut-Benauge
Dry & semi-sweet from Sémillon and SavBlanc
65
Bordeaux Supérieur Blanc
Moelleux white wine
66
Blaye
Red blend - 50% CabSav, CabFranc and Merlot
67
What is the estuary that separates Bourg and Blaye from the Médoc and empties into the Atlantic?
Gironde Estuary
68
What is the river that separates Entre-deux-Mers from the Libournais?
Dordogne
69
What is the river that separates Graves from Entre-deux-Mers?
Garonne
70
What is the river that flows through Sauternes and Barsac creating fog that causes botrytis?
Ciron
71
Montagne-Saint-Émilion
Saint-Émilion satellite
Right Bank
72
Côtes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire
Dry White, Semi-sweet, Sweet
Entre-deux-Mers
73
Sainte-Croix-du-Mont
Sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers
74
Loupiac AOC
Sweet white
Entre-deux-Mers
75
Bourg/Côtes de Bourg
Dry white / Red
Merlot
Right Bank
76
St-Georges-Saint-Émilion
Satellite - Saint Émilion
Right Bank
77
Canon Fronsac/Fronsac
Right bank on Isle River
78
Lussac-Saint-Émilion
Satellite - Saint Émilion
Merlot
Right Bank
79
Premières Côtes de Bordeaux
Entre-deux-Mers
Merlot / CabFranc
80
Puisseguin-Saint-Émilion
Left Bank
81
Mauzac
Secondary White Grapes of Bordeaux
82
What style of wine is made in the Entre-deux-Mers AOC?
Dry whites only
83
Muscadelle
Principal White Grapes of Bordeaux
84
Petit Manseng
Not permitted White Grapes of Bordeaux
85
Sauvignon Blanc
Principal White Grapes of Bordeaux
86
Ugni Blanc
Secondary White Grapes of Bordeaux
87
Courbu
Not permitted White Grape in Bordeaux
88
Gros Manseng
Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux
89
Chenin Blanc
Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux
90
Sémillon
Principal White Grapes in Bordeaux
91
Melon Blanc
Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux
92
Clairette
Not permitted White Grapes in Bordeaux
93
Merlot Blanc
2nd White Grapes in Bordeaux
94
Colombard
2nd White Grapes in Bordeaux
95
Alvarinho
2nd White Grapes in Bordeaux
96
Which of the grapes varieties below is the second-most planted red grape in Bordeaux?
CabSav
97
Côt is a red grape variety grown in Bordeaux and some other regions of France. By which name is it more commonly known?
Malbec
98
Major soil types for:
1. Entre-deux-Mers
2. Right Bank
3. Left Bank
1. Entre-deux-Mers - Gravel, clay and limestone
2. Right Bank - Clay & limestone
3. Left Bank - Gravel
99
In Bordeaux a lighter style of red wine is known as – what?
Clairet
100
Which French head of state was in power when the 1855 classification was created?
Nepoléon 3
101
Which phrase is added to the names of these Bordeaux districts Castillon, Blaye, Cadillac, Francs and Sainte-Foy to make their AOC name?
Côtes de Bordeaux
102
Which Bordeaux sub-region was where the original vineyards in Bordeaux were planted?
Graves
103
Which of Bordeaux’s sub-regions is famous for producing rich sweet wines?
The Sauternais
104
Which river separates Loupiac from Barsac?
The Garonne
105
The sweet wines of Bordeaux are made from grapes that are affected by a mold. What is that mold called?
Botrytis
106
What was the most significant contribution that the Dutch made to the development of Bordeaux?
The drained the Médoc
107
What is the dominant grape variety in the Libournais sub-region?
Merlot
108
Which river separates Entre-deux-Mers from Saint-Émilion?
The Dordogne
109
What is the name of the body of water that separates Margaux from Blaye and Bourg?
The Gironde
110
What is the climate of Bordeaux?
Maritime
111
What was ranked in the 1953 Graves Classification?
The wines of 16 estates (not the estates themselves), both white and red
112
Entre-deux-Mers AOC may produce dry and sweet white wine.
True or False?
FALSE.
Entre-deux-Mers AOC produces only dry white wines.
113
What does “petit château” mean?
It is an unofficial term for an unclassified property in the Bordeaux region.
114
Which estate is the only Premier Cru Supérieur of the 1855 classification?
Château d’Yquem
115
What does “Cru Artisan” refer to?
Boutique wineries of quality in Bordeaux.
116
What is the difference between Saint-Émillion Grand Cru and Saint-Émillion Grand Cru Classé?
The former is an AOC; the latter is a ranking within the Saint-Émillion classification system.
117
The Garonne and Dordogne flow into which estuary?
The Gironde
118
Only dry red wines may be labeled as coming from the Médoc AOC.
True or False?
TRUE.
Some white wine is produced, but it cannot be labeled as coming from the Médoc AOC.
119
What nationality were the engineers who drained the Médoc Peninsula in the 17th century?
The Netherlands
120
The 1855 Classification in Bordeaux was based on the size and prestige of the estates.
True or False?
FALSE.
It reflected the price points (by tiers) at which the top wines were selling in 1855.
121
Which Bordeaux
soils are considered “warm”?
Gravel and sand
122
Which Bordeaux soils are considered “cold”?
Clay and limestone
123
What is France’s largest AOC vineyard area?
Bordeaux AOC
124
The 1855 Classification is divided into how many tiers, or rankings?
5
125
What is the main soil type of Bordeaux’s Left Bank?
Gravel
126
Who championed the “second label” concept as a way to improve the quality of the “grand vin”?
Émile Peynaud
127
Are wines from Barsac labeled as Sauternes?
Yes Barsac is included in Sauternes AOC.
128
Which river separates Sauternes from Barsac?
The Ciron
129
Which river separates Fronsac and Canon Fronsac from the rest of the Libournais?
The Isle
130
What is a wine sold “en primeur”
A wine sold before it is physically released.
131
What are the three primary white grapes in Bordeaux?
Sémillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle
132
Which Bordeaux sub-region sits between the Dordogne and Garonne rivers?
Entre-deux-Mers
133
What are the main soil types of Bordeaux’s Right Bank?
Clay and limestone
134
What is the most widely planted grape variety in Bordeaux?
Merlot
135
What grape variety suffered the most damage after the Winter Freeze of 1956?
Malbec
136
What is “Les Landes”?
A man-made pine forest to the west of Bordeaux.
137
Which Bordeaux estate was promoted to First Growth status in 1973?
Château Mouton Rothschild
137
What are the three tiers of the
Cru Bourgeois Classification?
Crus Bourgeois
Crus Bourgeois Supérieurs
Crus Bourgeois Exceptionnels
138
Which Right Bank sub-region has a classification system?
Saint-Émilion
139
Bordeaux’s first vineyards were planted in which sub-region?
Graves
140
Crémant de Bordeaux may be white or rosé.
True or False?
True
141
Before becoming its own AOC, Péssac-Leognan was once a part of which Bordeaux sub-region?
Graves
142
Côtes de Bordeaux AOC makes only dry red wine. True or False?
TRUE
143
What a is a “clairet”?
A semi-red wine made by the saignée method.
144
What are the four satellite AOCs of Saint-Émilion?
Lussac
Montagne
Puisseguin
Saint-Georges
145
Graves Supérieures AOC produces dry, semi-sweet and sweet white wines.
True or False?
FALSE.
Graves Supérieures AOC produces only semi-sweet white wine.
146
What is Bordeaux eastern most AOC
Sainte-Foy Côtes de Bordeaux.
147
Characteristics of
1. Right Bank
2. Left Bank
3. Entre Deux Mers
1. Small hills, low plateau, deep valleys
2. Level gravel mounds
3. Significant Slopes
148
1st Golden Age
1152
Henry Plantagenet
Eleanor of Aquitaine
149
2nd Golden Age
1700s
Expanded markets to
Dutch and British
150
2nd Golden Age
1700s
Expanded markets to
Dutch and British
151
3rd Golden Age
1980s
Emile Paynaud 2nd wines
Robert Parker
152
What geographical location is Bordeaux located
Aquitaine Basin
153
Most southern AOC in Medoc
Margaux
154
When did French expel the Brits from Bordeaux?
1453
155
1/2/3 Golden Age
1. Plantagenet 1152
2. Expansion to US and Holland 1700s
3. Robert Parker 1980s
156
What department is Bordeaux
Gironde
