Rhône Quiz Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
Built summer home in Avignon 14th C
“Châteanuef-du-Pape”
A
Pope John XXII
2
Q
What weather disaster hit the Rhône in the 20th century
A
1956
Big Freeze
Wiped out fruit trees, vines and olives trees
But many vines survived and farmers moved to grape growing
3
Q
Who originally planted the vineyards of the Northern Rhône?
A
Romans
4
Q
Whose summer palace was built north of Avignon?
A
Pope John XXII
5
Q
What benefits does Viognier give when co-fermented with Syrah?
A
- Adds body to the wine
- Aids color
- Adds aroma
6
Q
What makes Clairette a good variety for the Southern Rhône?
A
Large vine leaves protect grapes from sunburn
7
Q
What does the term échelas refer to in the Northern Rhône?
A
Stakes used to support vines- teepee fashio
8
Q
The dessert wine, Hermitage Vin de Paille is made using grapes that have been?
A
Dried
9
Q
Which is the main training method in the Southern Rhône?
A
Gobelet
10
Q
What is Inox?
A
Stainless steel aging vessel
11
Q
Béton
A
Concrete aging vessels in the Rhône Valley
12
Q
Demi-muid
A
600-litre oak barrels often used in the Rhône Valley
13
Q
Foudre
A
Large, inert oak barrel
14
Q
Which grape variety must be included in red Côtes du Rhône blends that are vinified south of Montélimar?
A
Grenache
15
Q
Which grape variety is usually dominant in white Côtes du Rhône blends from the Southern Rhône?
A
Grenache Blanc
16
Q
The Northern Rhône accounts for what percentage of the Rhône Valley’s production area?
A
4%
17
Q
What type of climate does the Northern Rhône enjoy?
A
Continental with Med influence
18
Q
What type of climate does the Southern Rhône enjoy?
A
Mediterranean
19
Q
Which of these is the main training method in the Southern Rhône?
A
Gobelet
20
Q
What is the minimum alcohol level of a Rasteau VDN and Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise wine?
A
15%
21
Q
A white Rasteau VDN that has been aged until at least 1st March of the 3rd year after harvest is called, what?
A
Ambré
22
Q
What part of the Rhône is the Diois considered?
A
Northern Rhône
23
Q
What type of climate do Diois vineyards have?
A
Continental with alpine influences
24
Q
What impacts the Diois climate
A
Massif du Vercors
25
The Diois enjoys a continental climate – but what other important influences affect the area’s growing conditions?
Alpine influences
26
Clairette de Die
Traditional method sparkling wines
27
Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale
Sweet sparkling wine
28
The Rhône Valley is affected by the Mistral – but what is the Mistral?
A northerly cooling wind
29
Saint Joseph AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - West of river
Syrah can be co-fermented with Marsanne and/or Roussanne
30
Vacqueyras AOC
Southern Rhône Cru
Dry white, rosé and red
Foothills of Dentelles de Montmirail
31
Côte Rôtie AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - West of river
Syrah can be co-fermented with Viognier
32
Rasteau AOC
Southern Rhône Cru - NE
Red & VDNs
33
Hermitage AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - East of river
Sweet wines from dried grapes
34
Condrieu AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - West of river
100% Viognier ONLY
Dry White and Sweet White
35
Vinsobres AOC
Southern Rhône Cru - NE
Red ONLY
36
Châteaneuf du Pape AOC
Southern Rhône Cru - Valley Floor
The blends can be made from just one of the approved grape varieties
37
Beaumes de Venise AOC
Southern Rhône Cru
38
Cornas AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - West
100% Syrah ONLY
39
Lirac AOC
Southern Rhône Cru
Valley Floor
40
Château-Grillet AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - West
Single Estate AO
100% Viognier dry or sweet
41
Cairanne AOC
Southern Rhône Cru - NE
Dry White and Red ONLY
42
Gigondas AOC
Southern Rhône Cru
Only Rosé & Red
Foothills of Dentelles de Montmirail
43
Tavel AOC
Southern Rhône Cru - Valley Floor
Rosé ONLY
44
Saint-Péray AOC
Southern Rhône Cru - West of river
Only makes white wines - Dry / Sparkling
45
Crozes-Hermitage AOC
Northern Rhône Cru - East
Largest of N Rhône
46
Which is the northernmost cru of the Northern Rhône?
Côte Rôtie
47
Which two Rhône AOCs make Vins Doux Naturels?
Rasteau
Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise
48
All the white grape varieties that can be used in Hermitage AOC?
MARSANNE
ROUSSANNE
49
Côtes du Rhône Villages AOC can be made in both the Northern and Southern Rhône?
ONLY WITHIN SOUTHERN RHÔNE
50
Which of these grapes is not permitted in the Northern Rhône crus?
1. Clairette
2. Marsanne
3. Roussanne
4. Viognier
1. Clairette
51
What is the southernmost AOC in the Rhône valley?
Costières de Nîmes
52
What wine styles are made in Condrieu?
Dry White and Sweet White
53
Which of these soil types is NOT found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC?
1. Limestone
2. Sandstone
3. Galets
4. Granite
4. Granite
54
Muscat à Petits Grains AOC
Only VDN
Southern Rhône
55
What is the primary grape variety of Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale?
Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc
56
Which is the largest of the Crus in the Southern Rhône?
Châteauneuf-du-Pape
57
Which of these Southern Rhône Cru AOCs only produces Red wine?
Beaumes de Venise
58
Beaumes de Venise
AOC
Southern Rhône
Red ONLY
Foothills of Dentelles de Montmirail
59
What S Rhône AOCs lay outside of Cotes du Rhône cannot produce regional?
Ventoux
Luberon
Costieres de Nimes
+4 others
7 TOTAL
60
Which is the most planted grape in the Côtes du Rhône area?
Grenache
61
Of the seven Southern Rhône AOCs outside the Côtes du Rhône AOC area, which has the largest production?
Ventoux
62
Which Northern Rhône Crus allow the use of Viognier?
Condrieu
Château-Grillet
Côte Rôtie
63
Which Northern Rhône Cru is known for Sparkling Wine?
Saint-Péray
64
What is the minimum residual sugar level for Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise?
10% /100 g/l
65
Blending Rules
Red Côte du Rhône made south of Montélimar
At least two of the principal red grapes must make up a min of 60% – one must be Grenache
66
Blending Rules
Red Côte du Rhône Villages
At least two of the principal red grapes must make up a min of 66% – one must be Grenache
67
Blending Rules
Red Côte du Rhône made north of Montélimar
One of the principal red grapes must make up at least 60% of the blend
68
Blending Rules
Hermitage and Crozes-Hermitage
Up to 15% Marsanne and/or Roussanne may be co-fermented with Syrah
69
Blending Rules
Côte Rôtie
Up to 20% Viognier may be co-fermented with Syrah
70
Blending Rules
Saint Joseph
Up to 10% Marsanne and/or Roussanne may be co-fermented with Syrah
71
What is the climate of the Northern Rhône?
Continental with some Mediterranean influence.
72
What is the climate of the Southern Rhône?
Mediterranean
73
Where are sparkling wines made in the Rhône?
Saint-Péray in the Northern Rhône and Clairette de Die and Crémant de Die in the Diois all make sparkling wines.
74
Which Rhône appellation is a monopole?
Château-Grillet
75
What are “galets”?
Rounded river stones, most famously found in Chateauneuf-du-Pape.
76
The entire Rhône Valley produces Côtes du Rhône AOC.
True or False?
FALSE
There are Rhône Valley appellations outside the Côtes du Rhône zone of production.
77
Which two Southern Rhône crus are on the right bank of the Rhône River?
Tavel and Lirac
78
How do vines benefit from being located in the foothills of the Dentelles de Montmirail?
The Dentelles act as a wind block and sun trap and blanket the vines with cool air at night.
79
Which Rhône AOCs produce VDN wines?
Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise
80
Which Rhône AOC’s name means “burned earth” in Celtic?
Cornas
81
What is the southernmost appellation in the Rhône Valley?
Costières de Nimes
82
In which century did the Papacy move to Avignon?
14th century
83
Which two “other Rhône Valley” appellations have UNESCO recognition?
Ventoux and Luberon
84
Which three grape varieties dominate the red wine blends of the Southern Rhône?
Grenache, Syrah and Mourvèdre (GSM) blends
85
Which Northern Rhône appellations allow white grape varieties to be co-fermented with Syrah in their red wines?
Côte Rôtie – using Viognier.
Hermitage, Crozes-Hermitage & Saint-Joseph – all using Marsanne and Roussanne.
86
What is the northernmost cru in the Northern Rhône?
Côte Rôtie
87
What are the main soil types found in the Northern Rhône?
Granite and schist
88
Southern Rhône white wines are typically aged in oak. True or False?
FALSE.
They are usually fermented in neutral vessels and consumed within 2-4 years.
89
Which two Southern Rhône cru appellations are authorized to produce dry white, rosé and red wines?
Lirac and Vacqueyras
90
Condrieu AOC may produce dry and sweet white wines from Viognier grapes.
True or False?
True
91
Which grape variety forms the backbone of most Côtes du Rhône white wines?
Grenache Blanc
92
The Northern Rhône is bookended by which two cities?
Vienne and Valence
93
What is the Dentelles de Montmirail?
A mountain range on the eastern flank of the Southern Rhône.
94
Which Rhône appellation can make Vin de Paille?
Hermitage
95
What are the five soil types of the Southern Rhône?
Galets, garrigue, sandstone, clay and loess/molasse
96
Southern Rhône cru appellations mandate hand harvesting.
True or False?
FALSE.
Only Beaumes de Venise AOC mandates hand harvesting.
97
Which appellation is responsible for the majority of production in the Diois?
Clairette de Die
98
Which three Southern Rhône Crus surround hilltop towns?
Vinsobres
Rasteau
Cairanne
99
What is “loess”?
Fine wind-blown soil deposits usually comprised of silt
and sand.
100
What is the most common vine training system in the Southern Rhône?
Gobelet
101
The Southern Rhône is bookended by which two cities?
Montélimar
and Nîmes
102
There is tremendous consistency in the vintages of the wines of the Northern Rhône. True or False?
FALSE.
There is high vintage variation in Northern Rhône wines.
103
Northern Rhône
Steep vineyards near the Rhône River
104
Southern Rhône
Vineyards stretching up to 50 mi/80 km away from the Rhône River.
105
When did Rome arrive?
121 BCE
106
What does “Méridionaux” mean?
Of the Southern Rhône (in nature, style or location)
107
How much production for Côte du Rhône?
50% of Rhône production
108
1st people of Rhône?
Celtics
Then the Greeks
109
What borders Rhone?
N - Lyon / Beaujolais
SW - Languedoc
SE - Provence
E - The Prealps
W - Massif Central
110
What parallels does Rhône site?
44th - 45th
111
What is the land difference in N & S Rhône?
N - River effect and Steep banks - use stakes called ECHELAS -S/SE facing to mitigate wind
S - flatter land, vines face south and grown low to protect against Mistral, up to 80k from Rhône
112
Northern Rhône runs from where to where?
Vienne --> Valence
113
Southern Rhône runs from where to where?
Montélimar --> Nimes
114
Les Côte du Rhône runs from where to where?
Vienne --> Avignon
115
Grapes of N Rhône
Viognier - Adds lift and perfume
Marsanne -
Rousssanne - perfume
Red- Syrah - SOLE GRAPE in North
116
What white grapes are co-fermented with Syrah?
Viognier for perfume
Marsanne for complexity and soften tannins
117
Harvesting in North?
Hand due to steep slopes
118
Define:
1. Béton
2. Inox
3. Demi-muids (or foudres)
1. Béton --> concrete vessels
2. Inox --> Stainless steel
3. Demi-muids (or foudres) --> Large Wood Casks
119
Reds to whites in N Rhone Crus
81% Red
19% White
No Rosé
120
How many pope's served in Avignon?
7 for 70 years
121
How did the big freeze impact Rhône?
1956 - super cold and strong Mistral destroyed most of the olive trees and fruit plants. But wine vines survived so there was a shift to wine growing.
122
What are the only 2 monopoles outside Bourgogne?
Château Grillet - N Rhone
Coulée de Serrant - Loire
123
How many Grand Crus in North and South Rhone?
North = 8
South = 9
124
Requirements for principal grapes in N & S Rhone
N only 1 Principal >60%
S - 2 are required >60% and Grenache required
125
How many
1. Villages in Rhone Valley
2. Villages Cote du Rhone AOC
3. How many are CDR Villages
4. How many can put their village name on the. bottle?
5. How many Crus
300 villages
171 Total for CDR
95 Villages CDR Villages
22 to add names
17 Crus
126
What grape is added to Rosé for perfume and fruit?
Cinsault
127
