brain lesions

Question 1

gliomas

Answer 1

tumour of glial cells
- astrocytoma
- oligodendroglioma
- ependymoma

Question 2

meningioma

Answer 2

tumours growing from the cells of the meninges
usually benign

Question 3

presentation of lesion in the parietal lobe

Answer 3

sensory inattention
apraxias
astereognosisi inability to recognise shape and size by touch
inferior homonymous quadrantanopia
gerstamnn’s syndrome

Question 4

gerstmanns syndrome

Answer 4

lesion of dominant parietal
- inability to read comprehensively
- acalculia
- finger agnosia
- right-left disorientation

Question 5

occipital lobe lesion presents as

Answer 5

homonymous hemianopia (with macula sparing)
cortical blindness
visual agnosia

Question 6

presentation of lesion in temporal lobe

Answer 6

Wernicke’s aphasia: word substituion, neologisms but speech remains fluent
superior homonymous quadrantanopia
auditory agnosia
prosopagnosia (difficulty recognising faces)

Question 7

presentation of frontal lobe lesions

Answer 7

expressive (Broca’s) aphasia: Speech is non-fluent, laboured, and halting
disinhibition
perseveration
anosmia
inability to generate a list

Question 8

midline cerebellum lesions presentation

Answer 8

gait and truncal ataxia

Question 9

hemisphere cerebellum lesions

Answer 9

intention tremor, past pointing, dysdiadokinesis
nystagmus

Question 10

lesion in medial thalamus and mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus presents as

Answer 10

wernicke and korsakoff syndrome- memory disorder from vitamin B1 deficiency

Question 11

presentation of subthalamuc nucleus of the basal ganglia

Answer 11

hemiballism

Question 12

what is gerstamnn syndrome

Answer 12

impairment in performing calculations, discriminating their own fingers, writing by hands and impairment of distinguishing left from right