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Brain Stem Flashcards

1
Q

motor CN exit point

A

midline

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2
Q

mixed CN exit point

A

lateral

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3
Q

rostral pons lesions –> which CN

A

V

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4
Q

caudal pons lesions affect…

A

may only affect VI, VII, VIII

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5
Q

CST lesion in BS Sx

A

(UMN above decussation)

spastic weakness contra and below

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6
Q

ML lesion in BS Sx

A

(2nd neuron)

loss of touch, vibration contra and below

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7
Q

STT lesion in BS Sx

A

(crossed in spinal section)

pain/temp loss contra and below

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8
Q

DHF lesion in BS Sx

A

ipsilateral central horner’s syndrome

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9
Q

sulcus limitans

A

line btwn motor and sensory in spinal cord and brain stem

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10
Q

neural tube to brain stem orientation

A

NT: sensory = dorsal; motor = ventral
BS: sensory = lateral; motor = medial

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11
Q

motor nuclei in midbrain

A

oculomotor
edinger westphal
trochlear

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12
Q

sensory nuc in midbrain

A

mesencephalic nuc of V

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13
Q

motor nuclei in pons

A

abducens
superior salivitory
motor trigeminal
motor facial

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14
Q

sensory nuc in pons

A

principle sensory nuc of V

spinal trigeminal

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15
Q

motor nuc in medulla

A

hypoglossal
inferior salivatory nuc
dorsal motor nuc
nuc ambiguus

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16
Q

sensory nuc in medulla

A

solitary
vestibular
cochlear
spinal trigeminal

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17
Q

most medial motor nucs

A

oculomotor (III)
trochlear (IV)
abducens (VI)
hypoglossal (XII)

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18
Q

most medial motor nuc (fxn - broad)

A

skeletal muscle

cell bodies of LMNs

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19
Q

most medial motor nuc axon location

A

axons exit same section

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20
Q

oculomotor path/exit

A

nuc
ant and medial
exit midbrain
ipsilateral

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21
Q

trochlear path/exit

A 
nuc
go around cerebral aquaduct
cross at troch decussation
exit posterior medial midbrain
contralateral
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22
Q

abducens path/exit

A

nuc
ant medial
exit pons
ipsilateral

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23
Q

hypoglossal path/exit

A

nuc
go ant
exit medulla
ipsilateral

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24
Q

medial longitudinal fasciculus

A

connect oculomotor nuc and abducens nuc for vestibular system

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25
most medial motor nuc (fxn - specific)
III (adduct eye, raise eyelid) IV (depress, abduct, intort eye) VI (abduct eye) XII (move tongue)
26
motor nucs in between medial and lateral (2nd vertical row)
nuc of edinger westphal (III) superior salivatory nuc (VII) inferior salivatory nuc (IX) dorsal motor nuc of X
27
motor nucs in between medial and lateral (fxn - broad)
parasympathetic | preganglionic
28
motor nucs in between medial and lateral (fxn - specific)
NucEW III (pupil constriction, near response) SupSalv VII (lacrimal, salivary, submandibular) InfSalv (parotid) DorMot (gut)
29
most lateral motor nucs
motor nuc of V motor nuc of VII nuc ambiguus (IX, X*)
30
most lateral motor nuc (fxn - broad)
pharyngeal arch motor | skeletal LMNs
31
most lateral motor nuc (fxn -specific)
motor nuc of V (mastication) motor nuc of VII (facial expression) nuc ambiguus (palate, pharynx, larynx)
32
motor nuc of V path/exit
nuc out laterally exit midbrain ipsi
33
motor nuc of VII path/exit
``` nuc go medial/superior loop around abducens nuc go lateral inferior combine with sup salv exit pons (laterally) as facial nerve ipsi ```
34
nuc ambiguus path/exit
nuc 1/2 combine w/ dorsal motor of X - exit medulla laterally as vagus nerve 1/2 combine w/ inf salv - exit medulla laterally as glossopharyngeal ipsi
35
most medial sensory nucs
solitary nuc
36
most medial sensory nuc (fxn)
``` taste (VII, IX, X) carotid sinus (baro) and body (chemo) (IX, X) ```
37
sensory nuc btwn medial and lateral
``` vestibular nuc (VIII) cochlear nuc (VIII) ```
38
most lateral sensory nucs
mesencephalic nuc main/chief/principle nuc spinal nuc
39
most lateral sensory nucs (fxn - broad)
trigeminal nucs
40
most lateral sensory nucs (fxn - specific)
mesencephalic (proprioception) main (touch) spinal (pain/temp)
41
midbrain CNs
III | IV
42
pons CNs
V (rostral) VI VII VIII
43
medulla CNs
IX X XII
44
brain stem lesion qualities
all contra except Horners (DHF)
45
berry aneurysms where?
branch @ ant communicating | branch @ posterior communicating
46
midbrain circ
posterior cerebral
47
pons circ
medial - paramedian | lateral - AICA
48
medulla circ
medial - ant spinal | lateral - PICA
49
medial medullary syndrome affected areas
pyramid ML XII fibers
50
medial medullary syndrome defects
pyramid: contra spastic (hyper reflex, toes up) ML: contra t/v/p XII: deviate to lesion side (ipsi)
51
medial medullary syndrome vessel
anterior spinal artery
52
lateral medullary syndrome vessel
PICA
53
lateral medullary syndrome AKA
Wallenberg syndrome
54
lateral medullary syndrome affected areas
``` ICP spinal tract of V STT vestibular nuclei DHF nuc ambiguus (IX, X) ```
55
lateral medullary syndrome defects
ICP: ipsi limb ataxia spinal V: ipsi p/t face STT: contra p/t body vestibular nuclei: vomiting, vertigo, nystagmus (away from lesion) DHF: horner (ipsi) nuc ambiguus: ipsi vocal paralysis, dysphagia, palate droop, no gag (IX)
56
ventral midbrain syndrome vessel
post cerebral artery
57
ventral midbrain syndrome AKA
Weber syndrome
58
ventral midbrain syndrome affected areas
CST CBT III
59
ventral midbrain syndrome defects
CST: contra spast (mostly UL) CBT: contra spastic lower 1/2 face III: ipsi oculomotor palsy (dilated pupil, ptosis, downa nd out)
60
lateral strabismus
eye turned down and out as result of lesioned III
61
spinal cord tract lesions (ipsi vs contra)
DC: ipsi t/p/v CST: ipsi spastic STT: contra p/t
62
brainstem lesions (ipsi vs contra)
long ttracts --> contra (except horners) | CN --> ipsi

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